1 00:00:02,102 --> 00:00:10,102 ♪ 2 00:00:26,627 --> 00:00:31,190 HEMINGWAY WAS A WRITER WHO HAPPENED TO BE AMERICAN, 3 00:00:31,231 --> 00:00:34,633 BUT HIS PALETTE WAS INCREDIBLY WIDE 4 00:00:34,668 --> 00:00:41,404 AND DELICIOUS AND VIOLENT AND BRUTAL AND UGLY, 5 00:00:41,441 --> 00:00:43,774 ALL OF THOSE THINGS. 6 00:00:43,810 --> 00:00:48,248 IT'S SOMETHING EVERY CULTURE CAN BASICALLY UNDERSTAND. 7 00:00:48,282 --> 00:00:54,153 EVERY CULTURE CAN UNDERSTAND FALLING IN LOVE WITH SOMEONE, 8 00:00:54,187 --> 00:00:56,588 THE LOSS OF THAT PERSON, 9 00:00:56,623 --> 00:00:59,286 OF HOW GREAT A MEAL TASTES, 10 00:00:59,326 --> 00:01:02,592 HOW EXTRAORDINARY THIS JOURNEY IS. 11 00:01:02,629 --> 00:01:05,622 THAT IS NOT NATIONALISTIC. 12 00:01:05,666 --> 00:01:07,658 IT'S HUMAN, 13 00:01:07,701 --> 00:01:10,261 AND I THINK WITH ALL OF HIS FLAWS, 14 00:01:10,304 --> 00:01:14,298 WITH ALL THE DIFFICULTIES, HIS PERSONAL LIFE, WHATEVER, 15 00:01:14,341 --> 00:01:19,837 HE SEEMED TO UNDERSTAND HUMAN BEINGS. 16 00:01:20,080 --> 00:01:22,311 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: YOU SEE, I'M TRYING IN ALL MY STORIES 17 00:01:22,349 --> 00:01:26,377 TO GET THE FEELING OF THE ACTUAL LIFE ACROSS... 18 00:01:26,420 --> 00:01:31,120 NOT JUST TO DEPICT LIFE OR CRITICIZE IT... 19 00:01:31,158 --> 00:01:33,650 BUT TO ACTUALLY MAKE IT ALIVE 20 00:01:33,694 --> 00:01:36,163 SO THAT WHEN YOU'VE READ SOMETHING BY ME 21 00:01:36,196 --> 00:01:39,189 YOU ACTUALLY EXPERIENCE THE THING. 22 00:01:39,232 --> 00:01:41,098 YOU CAN'T DO THIS WITHOUT PUTTING IN 23 00:01:41,134 --> 00:01:44,571 THE BAD AND THE UGLY, AS WELL AS WHAT IS BEAUTIFUL, 24 00:01:44,605 --> 00:01:48,406 BECAUSE IF IT IS ALL BEAUTIFUL YOU CAN'T BELIEVE IN IT. 25 00:01:48,442 --> 00:01:50,536 THINGS AREN'T THAT WAY. 26 00:01:50,577 --> 00:01:53,206 IT IS ONLY BY SHOWING BOTH SIDES... 27 00:01:53,246 --> 00:01:56,375 3 DIMENSIONS AND IF POSSIBLE 4... 28 00:01:56,416 --> 00:01:59,147 THAT YOU CAN WRITE THE WAY I WANT TO. 29 00:02:09,496 --> 00:02:13,263 ERNEST HEMINGWAY REMADE AMERICAN LITERATURE. 30 00:02:13,300 --> 00:02:16,429 HE PARED STORY-TELLING TO ITS ESSENTIALS, 31 00:02:16,470 --> 00:02:18,803 CHANGED THE WAY CHARACTERS SPEAK, 32 00:02:18,839 --> 00:02:22,776 EXPANDED THE WORLDS A WRITER COULD LEGITIMATELY EXPLORE, 33 00:02:22,809 --> 00:02:26,905 AND LEFT AN INDELIBLE RECORD OF HOW MEN AND WOMEN LIVED 34 00:02:27,147 --> 00:02:29,742 DURING HIS LIFETIME. 35 00:02:29,783 --> 00:02:32,617 GENERATIONS OF WRITERS WOULD FIND THEIR WORK 36 00:02:32,653 --> 00:02:34,622 MEASURED AGAINST HIS. 37 00:02:34,655 --> 00:02:37,420 SOME FOLLOWED THE PATH HE'D BLAZED. 38 00:02:37,457 --> 00:02:39,551 OTHERS REBELLED AGAINST IT. 39 00:02:39,593 --> 00:02:42,688 NONE COULD ESCAPE IT. 40 00:02:42,729 --> 00:02:45,665 HE MADE HIMSELF THE MOST CELEBRATED AMERICAN WRITER 41 00:02:45,699 --> 00:02:47,497 SINCE MARK TWAIN, 42 00:02:47,534 --> 00:02:51,665 READ... AND REVERED... AROUND THE WORLD. 43 00:02:51,705 --> 00:02:54,436 IT'S HARD TO IMAGINE A WRITER TODAY 44 00:02:54,474 --> 00:02:58,673 WHO HASN'T BEEN IN SOME WAY INFLUENCED BY HIM. 45 00:02:58,712 --> 00:03:00,476 IT'S LIKE HE CHANGED ALL THE FURNITURE 46 00:03:00,514 --> 00:03:03,575 IN THE ROOM, RIGHT, AND WE ALL HAVE TO SIT IN IT 47 00:03:03,617 --> 00:03:05,518 TO SOME... YOU KNOW, WE CAN KIND OF SIT 48 00:03:05,552 --> 00:03:08,886 ON THE EDGE OF THE ARMCHAIR, ON THE ARM OR DO THIS, 49 00:03:08,922 --> 00:03:13,656 BUT, YOU KNOW HE CHANGED THE FURNITURE IN THE ROOM. 50 00:03:13,694 --> 00:03:18,689 THE VALUE OF THE AMERICAN DECLARATIVE SENTENCE, RIGHT, 51 00:03:18,732 --> 00:03:22,669 THE WAY YOU BUILD A HOUSE BRICK BY BRICK OUT OF THOSE. 52 00:03:22,703 --> 00:03:25,901 WITHIN A FEW SENTENCES OF READING A HEMINGWAY STORY, 53 00:03:25,939 --> 00:03:30,570 YOU WERE NOT IN ANY CONFUSION AS TO WHO HAD WRITTEN IT. 54 00:03:30,610 --> 00:03:34,206 I CAN'T IMAGINE HOW IT'S POSSIBLE 55 00:03:34,247 --> 00:03:39,413 THAT ANY ONE WRITER COULD HAVE SO CHANGED THE LANGUAGE. 56 00:03:39,453 --> 00:03:43,948 PEOPLE HAVE BEEN COPYING HIM FOR NEARLY A HUNDRED YEARS, 57 00:03:43,990 --> 00:03:49,520 AND THEY HAVEN'T SUCCEEDED IN EQUALING WHAT HE DID. 58 00:03:49,563 --> 00:03:53,432 IF YOU'RE A WRITER, YOU CAN'T ESCAPE HEMINGWAY. 59 00:03:53,467 --> 00:03:56,631 HE'S SO DAMN POPULAR THAT YOU CAN'T BEGIN TO WRITE 60 00:03:56,670 --> 00:03:59,367 TILL YOU TRY AND KILL HIS GHOST IN YOU 61 00:03:59,406 --> 00:04:01,272 OR EMBRACE IT, 62 00:04:01,308 --> 00:04:04,608 AND I THINK I IDENTIFY THAT MOST ABOUT HEMINGWAY 63 00:04:04,644 --> 00:04:06,738 IS THAT HE WAS ALWAYS QUESTING. 64 00:04:06,780 --> 00:04:08,976 THE PERFECT LINE HAD NOT HAPPENED YET. 65 00:04:09,015 --> 00:04:11,712 IT IS ALWAYS A STRUGGLE TRYING TO GET IT RIGHT, 66 00:04:11,752 --> 00:04:14,620 AND YOU NEVER WILL. 67 00:04:14,654 --> 00:04:17,522 FOR 3 DECADES, PEOPLE WHO HAD NOT READ 68 00:04:17,557 --> 00:04:20,755 A WORD HE'D WRITTEN THOUGHT THEY KNEW HIM... 69 00:04:20,794 --> 00:04:24,026 WOUNDED VETERAN AND BATTLEFIELD CORRESPONDENT, 70 00:04:24,264 --> 00:04:27,723 BIG-GAME HUNTER AND DEEP-SEA FISHERMAN, 71 00:04:27,768 --> 00:04:31,899 BULL-FIGHT AFICIONADO, BRAWLER, AND LOVER 72 00:04:31,938 --> 00:04:34,339 AND MAN ABOUT TOWN... 73 00:04:39,346 --> 00:04:43,784 BUT BEHIND THE PUBLIC FIGURE WAS A TROUBLED AND CONFLICTED MAN, 74 00:04:43,817 --> 00:04:46,946 WHO BELONGED TO A TROUBLED AND CONFLICTED FAMILY 75 00:04:46,987 --> 00:04:52,324 WITH ITS OWN DRAMA AND DARKNESS AND CLOSELY-HELD SECRETS. 76 00:04:52,359 --> 00:04:55,386 THE WORLD SAW HIM AS A MAN'S MAN, 77 00:04:55,428 --> 00:04:58,489 BUT ALL HIS LIFE, HE WOULD PRIVATELY BE INTRIGUED 78 00:04:58,532 --> 00:05:01,627 BY THE BLURRED LINES BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE, 79 00:05:01,668 --> 00:05:05,036 MEN AND WOMEN. 80 00:05:05,071 --> 00:05:07,006 THERE WERE SO MANY SIDES TO HIM, 81 00:05:07,040 --> 00:05:09,509 THE FIRST OF HIS 4 WIVES REMEMBERED, 82 00:05:09,543 --> 00:05:12,672 THAT HE DEFIED GEOMETRY. 83 00:05:12,712 --> 00:05:14,374 HE WAS OPEN TO LIFE. 84 00:05:14,414 --> 00:05:16,849 HE WAS OPEN TO TRAGEDY. 85 00:05:16,883 --> 00:05:19,478 HE WAS OPEN TO FEELING. 86 00:05:19,519 --> 00:05:22,455 I LIKED THAT HE FELL IN LOVE, 87 00:05:22,489 --> 00:05:25,891 AND HE FELL IN LOVE QUITE A FEW TIMES. 88 00:05:25,926 --> 00:05:29,954 HE ALWAYS HAD THE NEXT WOMAN 89 00:05:29,996 --> 00:05:34,696 BEFORE HE LEFT THE EXISTING WOMAN. 90 00:05:34,734 --> 00:05:37,363 HE WAS OFTEN KIND AND GENEROUS TO THOSE 91 00:05:37,404 --> 00:05:40,602 IN NEED OF HELP AND SOMETIMES JUST AS CRUEL 92 00:05:40,640 --> 00:05:45,476 AND VENGEFUL TO THOSE WHO HAD HELPED HIM. 93 00:05:45,512 --> 00:05:47,423 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: I HAVE ALWAYS HAD THE ILLUSION 94 00:05:47,447 --> 00:05:50,110 IT WAS MORE IMPORTANT, OR AS IMPORTANT, 95 00:05:50,350 --> 00:05:53,752 TO BE A GOOD MAN AS TO BE A GREAT WRITER. 96 00:05:53,787 --> 00:05:56,052 I MAY TURN OUT TO BE NEITHER 97 00:05:56,089 --> 00:05:58,684 BUT WOULD LIKE TO BE BOTH. 98 00:06:01,628 --> 00:06:05,087 HEMINGWAY'S STORY IS A TALE OLDER EVEN 99 00:06:05,131 --> 00:06:08,363 THAN THE WRITTEN WORD... OF A YOUNG MAN 100 00:06:08,401 --> 00:06:10,563 WHOSE AMBITION AND IMAGINATION, 101 00:06:10,604 --> 00:06:14,632 ENERGY AND ENORMOUS GIFTS BRING HIM WEALTH AND FAME 102 00:06:14,674 --> 00:06:18,634 BEYOND IMAGINING, 103 00:06:18,678 --> 00:06:22,410 WHO DESTROYS HIMSELF TRYING TO REMAIN TRUE 104 00:06:22,449 --> 00:06:26,580 TO THE CHARACTER HE HAS INVENTED. 105 00:06:26,620 --> 00:06:29,089 ONE OF HIS WEAKNESSES... 106 00:06:29,122 --> 00:06:33,583 I WAS GOING TO SAY, "FAILINGS," AND IT WAS A GREAT PITY... 107 00:06:33,627 --> 00:06:36,062 IT'S A GREAT PITY FOR ANY WRITER... 108 00:06:36,096 --> 00:06:39,533 HE LOVED AN AUDIENCE. 109 00:06:39,566 --> 00:06:43,628 HE LOVED AN AUDIENCE, AND IN FRONT OF AN AUDIENCE, 110 00:06:43,670 --> 00:06:46,970 HE LOST THE BEST PART OF HIMSELF 111 00:06:47,007 --> 00:06:50,842 BY TRYING TO IMPRESS THE AUDIENCE. 112 00:06:50,877 --> 00:06:53,039 I HATE THE MYTH OF HEMINGWAY, 113 00:06:53,079 --> 00:06:55,947 AND THE REASON I HATE THE MYTH OF HEMINGWAY, 114 00:06:55,982 --> 00:06:58,850 IT OBSCURES THE MAN, 115 00:06:58,885 --> 00:07:04,620 AND THE MAN IS MUCH MORE INTERESTING THAN THE MYTH. 116 00:07:04,658 --> 00:07:07,958 I THINK HE WAS A TERRIFIC FATHER SOMETIMES. 117 00:07:07,994 --> 00:07:12,193 I THINK THAT HE WAS A LOVING HUSBAND SOMETIMES. 118 00:07:12,432 --> 00:07:15,664 I THINK HE WAS LIKE SO MANY PEOPLE 119 00:07:15,702 --> 00:07:18,672 EXCEPT THIS ENORMOUS TALENT. 120 00:07:18,705 --> 00:07:22,540 HEMINGWAY IS COMPLICATED. HE'S VERY COMPLICATED. 121 00:07:23,977 --> 00:07:26,071 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: THE GREAT THING IS TO LAST 122 00:07:26,112 --> 00:07:28,843 AND GET YOUR WORK DONE 123 00:07:28,882 --> 00:07:33,718 AND SEE AND HEAR AND LEARN AND UNDERSTAND; 124 00:07:33,753 --> 00:07:36,689 AND WRITE WHEN THERE IS SOMETHING THAT YOU KNOW; 125 00:07:36,723 --> 00:07:38,851 AND NOT BEFORE; 126 00:07:38,892 --> 00:07:41,919 AND NOT TOO DAMNED MUCH AFTER. 127 00:07:41,962 --> 00:07:49,962 ♪ 128 00:08:00,046 --> 00:08:08,046 ♪ 129 00:08:13,259 --> 00:08:15,171 WOMAN, AS GRACE HEMINGWAY: MY BOY DELIGHTS IN SHOOTING 130 00:08:15,195 --> 00:08:18,688 IMAGINARY WOLVES, BEARS, LIONS. 131 00:08:18,732 --> 00:08:22,169 ALSO LIKES TO PRETEND HE IS A SOLDIER. 132 00:08:22,202 --> 00:08:27,266 HE STORMS AND KICKS AND DANCES WITH RAGE WHEN THWARTED. 133 00:08:27,507 --> 00:08:29,567 WHEN ASKED WHAT HE IS AFRAID OF, 134 00:08:29,609 --> 00:08:34,638 HE SHOUTS OUT "'FRAID OF NOTHING!" 135 00:08:34,681 --> 00:08:37,150 ERNEST MILLER HEMINGWAY WAS BORN 136 00:08:37,183 --> 00:08:42,713 JULY 21, 1899, THE SECOND OF 6 CHILDREN 137 00:08:42,756 --> 00:08:46,887 AND ENJOYED WHAT SEEMED TO BE AN IDYLLIC BOYHOOD. 138 00:08:46,926 --> 00:08:49,020 HE HAD 4 ADORING SISTERS 139 00:08:49,062 --> 00:08:51,554 AND A WORSHIPFUL YOUNGER BROTHER. 140 00:08:51,598 --> 00:08:53,658 THEY ALL LIVED IN A BIG, COMFORTABLE HOME 141 00:08:53,700 --> 00:08:57,637 IN THE PROSPEROUS CHICAGO SUBURB OF OAK PARK, 142 00:08:57,670 --> 00:09:00,037 A COMPLACENT, WELL-MANNERED COMMUNITY 143 00:09:00,073 --> 00:09:02,668 WITH NO SALOONS AND SO MANY CHURCHES 144 00:09:02,709 --> 00:09:06,976 IT LIKED TO CALL ITSELF "SAINT'S REST." 145 00:09:07,013 --> 00:09:10,643 THE HEMINGWAYS SPENT LONG SUMMERS AT WINDEMERE, 146 00:09:10,683 --> 00:09:13,949 THEIR COTTAGE ON WALLOON LAKE IN MICHIGAN. 147 00:09:17,223 --> 00:09:20,091 ERNEST'S FATHER CLARENCE HEMINGWAY... 148 00:09:20,126 --> 00:09:24,621 KNOWN TO EVERYONE AS ED... WAS A FAMILY DOCTOR. 149 00:09:24,664 --> 00:09:27,259 HE KEPT OFFICE HOURS EVERY DAY OF THE WEEK 150 00:09:27,300 --> 00:09:29,735 BUT WAS OFTEN FORCED TO MAKE HOUSE CALLS 151 00:09:29,769 --> 00:09:31,635 IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT, 152 00:09:31,671 --> 00:09:34,334 PERFORMING EMERGENCY CESAREAN SECTIONS 153 00:09:34,574 --> 00:09:36,873 BY LANTERN LIGHT. 154 00:09:36,910 --> 00:09:43,646 SOMETIMES, HE FAILED TO SAVE THE MOTHER OR THE BABY OR BOTH. 155 00:09:43,683 --> 00:09:46,118 "MY FATHER WAS VERY DEVOTED TO MY MOTHER," 156 00:09:46,152 --> 00:09:48,621 ERNEST'S YOUNGEST SISTER REMEMBERED, 157 00:09:48,655 --> 00:09:51,750 "BUT SHE WAS DEVOTED TO HERSELF." 158 00:09:53,226 --> 00:09:55,718 HIS MOTHER GRACE HALL HEMINGWAY 159 00:09:55,762 --> 00:09:57,924 HAD MARRIED AFTER ABANDONING HER DREAM 160 00:09:57,964 --> 00:10:00,957 OF BEING AN OPERA SINGER, BUT SHE GAVE 161 00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:03,834 VOICE AND VIOLIN AND PIANO LESSONS, 162 00:10:03,870 --> 00:10:05,270 DIRECTED A CHOIR, 163 00:10:05,305 --> 00:10:08,969 AND EARNED MORE THAN HER HUSBAND. 164 00:10:09,008 --> 00:10:12,240 GRACE EXPOSED ALL OF HER CHILDREN TO THE ARTS, 165 00:10:12,278 --> 00:10:15,373 BUT SHE NEVER LET THEM FORGET THAT SHE HAD SACRIFICED 166 00:10:15,615 --> 00:10:18,813 A CONCERT CAREER TO RAISE THEM. 167 00:10:18,852 --> 00:10:21,344 IF THEY LOVED HER, SHE SAID, THEY WOULD DO 168 00:10:21,387 --> 00:10:23,982 WHATEVER SHE TOLD THEM TO DO. 169 00:10:25,758 --> 00:10:28,387 IT AMUSED HER FOR A TIME TO PRETEND THAT ERNEST 170 00:10:28,628 --> 00:10:32,759 AND HIS OLDER SISTER MARCELLINE WERE SOMEHOW TWINS, 171 00:10:32,799 --> 00:10:39,638 SOMETIMES TWO BOYS, SOMETIMES TWO GIRLS. 172 00:10:39,672 --> 00:10:43,109 SHE DID THIS THING OF TWINNING HIM WITH HIS SISTER. 173 00:10:43,143 --> 00:10:44,839 SHE DRESSED THEM ALIKE. 174 00:10:44,878 --> 00:10:48,042 SHE DRESSED THEM IN DRESSES OFTEN, 175 00:10:48,081 --> 00:10:50,846 BUT THEN SHE'D PUT THEM IN OVERALLS. 176 00:10:50,884 --> 00:10:53,046 SHE DIDN'T ONLY DRESS HIM UP AS A GIRL. 177 00:10:53,086 --> 00:10:55,385 SOMETIMES, SHE'D DRESS THE GIRLS UP AS BOYS, 178 00:10:55,421 --> 00:10:59,256 AND THERE'S THIS... THERE IS THIS ANDROGYNY GOING ON. 179 00:10:59,292 --> 00:11:01,955 WOMAN, AS MARCELLINE: WE WORE OUR HAIR EXACTLY THE SAME 180 00:11:01,995 --> 00:11:04,829 IN A SQUARE-CUT DUTCH BOB. 181 00:11:04,864 --> 00:11:08,096 WE PLAYED WITH SMALL CHINA TEA SETS. 182 00:11:08,134 --> 00:11:11,229 WE HAD DOLLS ALIKE, AND WHEN ERNEST WAS GIVEN 183 00:11:11,271 --> 00:11:15,902 A LITTLE AIR RIFLE, I HAD ONE, TOO. 184 00:11:15,942 --> 00:11:18,036 ONE OF HIS TEACHERS THOUGHT GRACE TOO CLOSE 185 00:11:18,077 --> 00:11:20,672 TO HER SON, TOO CONTROLLING. 186 00:11:20,713 --> 00:11:23,842 SHE REMEMBERED WONDERING IF, "GIVEN THE LUSH MOTHERHOOD HE KNEW, 187 00:11:23,883 --> 00:11:27,820 HE WOULD EVER FIND WIFE." 188 00:11:34,227 --> 00:11:36,162 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: HIS FATHER CAME BACK TO HIM 189 00:11:36,196 --> 00:11:38,290 IN THE FALL OF THE YEAR, 190 00:11:38,331 --> 00:11:41,301 OR IN THE EARLY SPRING WHEN THERE HAD BEEN JACKSNIPE 191 00:11:41,334 --> 00:11:43,997 ON THE PRAIRIE, 192 00:11:44,037 --> 00:11:46,131 OR WHEN HE SAW SHOCKS OF CORN, 193 00:11:46,172 --> 00:11:49,438 OR WHEN HE SAW A LAKE, 194 00:11:49,475 --> 00:11:52,741 OR IF HE EVER SAW A HORSE AND BUGGY, 195 00:11:52,779 --> 00:11:55,874 OR WHEN HE SAW, OR HEARD, WILD GEESE, 196 00:11:55,915 --> 00:11:58,043 OR IN A DUCK BLIND. 197 00:11:58,084 --> 00:12:02,385 HIS FATHER WAS WITH HIM, SUDDENLY, 198 00:12:02,422 --> 00:12:05,824 IN DESERTED ORCHARDS AND IN NEW-PLOWED FIELDS, 199 00:12:05,858 --> 00:12:09,090 IN THICKETS, ON SMALL HILLS, 200 00:12:09,128 --> 00:12:11,893 OR WHEN GOING THROUGH DEAD GRASS, 201 00:12:11,931 --> 00:12:14,901 WHENEVER SPLITTING WOOD OR HAULING WATER, 202 00:12:14,934 --> 00:12:18,336 BY GRIST MILLS, CIDER MILLS, AND DAMS 203 00:12:18,371 --> 00:12:23,241 AND ALWAYS WITH OPEN FIRES. 204 00:12:23,276 --> 00:12:25,370 ERNEST WORSHIPPED HIS FATHER, 205 00:12:25,411 --> 00:12:30,782 WHO SPENT HOURS TEACHING HIM HOW TO HUNT AND FISH AND CANOE, 206 00:12:30,817 --> 00:12:33,218 INCULCATING A LIFE-LONG FASCINATION 207 00:12:33,253 --> 00:12:36,815 WITH THE OUTDOORS AND WITH LEARNING PRECISELY 208 00:12:36,856 --> 00:12:40,224 HOW THINGS SHOULD BE DONE. 209 00:12:40,260 --> 00:12:44,095 HE INSTILLED IN THIS BOY BEFORE THE BOY 210 00:12:44,130 --> 00:12:48,534 ALMOST COULD WALK THIS PRIMAL FEELING 211 00:12:48,768 --> 00:12:50,760 FOR THE BEAUTY OF NATURE, 212 00:12:50,803 --> 00:12:54,865 JUST THE ORGANIC LOVE FOR THE WOODS, FOR WATER. 213 00:12:54,907 --> 00:12:58,503 BUT ED HEMINGWAY WAS ALSO SEVERE, PIOUS, 214 00:12:58,544 --> 00:13:02,242 OPPOSED TO DRINKING, CARD-PLAYING, AND DANCING 215 00:13:02,282 --> 00:13:04,274 AND, AS ERNEST GREW OLDER, 216 00:13:04,317 --> 00:13:08,482 INCREASINGLY ANXIOUS, MOODY, AND UNPREDICTABLE. 217 00:13:08,521 --> 00:13:11,081 ONE MINUTE HE WAS LAUGHING WITH HIS CHILDREN, 218 00:13:11,124 --> 00:13:16,290 THE NEXT HE WAS PUNISHING THEM WITH A LEATHER STRAP. 219 00:13:16,329 --> 00:13:19,993 TWICE, HEMINGWAY'S FATHER WAS SO CRIPPLED BY DEPRESSION 220 00:13:20,033 --> 00:13:22,901 THAT HE HAD TO LEAVE TOWN FOR SEVERAL WEEKS 221 00:13:22,935 --> 00:13:25,404 IN ORDER TO REST WHAT HIS WIFE CALLED 222 00:13:25,438 --> 00:13:29,876 "THE WORRYING PLACE IN YOUR BRAIN." 223 00:13:29,909 --> 00:13:33,175 BY THE TIME ERNEST WAS A TEENAGER, HE REMEMBERED, 224 00:13:33,212 --> 00:13:37,308 HIS ADMIRATION FOR HIS FATHER HAD BEGUN TO TURN TO PITY. 225 00:13:37,350 --> 00:13:40,320 HE CAME TO SEE HIM AS WEAK AND SUBMISSIVE 226 00:13:40,353 --> 00:13:44,017 AND BLAMED HIS MOTHER FOR HIS FATHER'S UNHAPPINESS. 227 00:13:46,025 --> 00:13:49,257 ERNEST DREAMED OF ONE DAY BECOMING A NATURALIST 228 00:13:49,295 --> 00:13:54,563 OR AN EXPLORER LIKE HIS HERO THEODORE ROOSEVELT. 229 00:13:54,600 --> 00:13:58,059 HE WAS ALSO A GOOD STUDENT AND A FERVENT READER, 230 00:13:58,104 --> 00:14:02,974 WHO LOVED O. HENRY, JACK LONDON, AND RUDYARD KIPLING. 231 00:14:03,009 --> 00:14:04,477 AT HIS MOTHER'S URGING, 232 00:14:04,510 --> 00:14:07,105 HE SANG IN HER CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH CHOIR 233 00:14:07,146 --> 00:14:09,115 AND PLAYED THE CELLO. 234 00:14:09,148 --> 00:14:12,084 HE REMEMBERED THAT HE ESPECIALLY ENJOYED THE REPETITION 235 00:14:12,118 --> 00:14:15,520 AND COUNTERPOINT, COUNTERPOINT AND REPETITION 236 00:14:15,555 --> 00:14:19,185 THAT RAN THROUGH THE WORKS OF BACH. 237 00:14:19,225 --> 00:14:22,059 SHE ALSO TAUGHT HER KIDS WHAT EVERY MUSICIAN 238 00:14:22,095 --> 00:14:25,156 TEACHES THEIR KIDS, TO PRACTICE. 239 00:14:25,198 --> 00:14:29,465 "DON'T COME TO ME AND SAY THAT YOU LOVE ART 240 00:14:29,502 --> 00:14:33,064 "IF YOU DON'T PRACTICE YOUR ART BECAUSE PRACTICE IS LOVE. 241 00:14:33,106 --> 00:14:35,007 WORK IS LOVE." 242 00:14:35,041 --> 00:14:36,509 AND THROUGHOUT HIS LIFE, 243 00:14:36,542 --> 00:14:39,910 HE WAS A TREMENDOUSLY DISCIPLINED WRITER. 244 00:14:39,946 --> 00:14:42,882 IN HIS JUNIOR YEAR, HE BEGAN TO WRITE, 245 00:14:42,915 --> 00:14:46,352 CONTRIBUTING SPORTS STORIES AND TALES OF ADVENTURE 246 00:14:46,386 --> 00:14:50,289 TO THE HIGH SCHOOL PAPER AND ITS LITERARY MAGAZINE, 247 00:14:50,323 --> 00:14:53,157 BUT HE WAS REMEMBERED MOST BY HIS CLASSMATES 248 00:14:53,192 --> 00:14:56,993 AS A BIG, HANDSOME, SLIGHTLY AWKWARD BOY 249 00:14:57,029 --> 00:15:00,625 FOND OF BOXING BUT TOO NEARSIGHTED AND TOO CLUMSY 250 00:15:00,666 --> 00:15:03,261 TO EXCEL AT TEAM SPORTS, 251 00:15:03,302 --> 00:15:06,500 WHO WAS SHY WITH GIRLS AND PREFERRED TO HUNT 252 00:15:06,539 --> 00:15:08,667 AND HIKE AND FISH IN THE WOODS 253 00:15:08,908 --> 00:15:13,039 OF NORTHERN MICHIGAN WHENEVER HE GOT THE CHANCE. 254 00:15:13,079 --> 00:15:16,447 HIS SHYNESS WITH WOMEN WOULD EVENTUALLY EVAPORATE, 255 00:15:16,482 --> 00:15:19,179 BUT HE WOULD REMAIN EAGER ALL HIS LIFE 256 00:15:19,218 --> 00:15:21,949 FOR THE COMPANY OF MEN WHO SHARED HIS LOVE 257 00:15:21,988 --> 00:15:25,288 OF GOOD TIMES AND THE GREAT OUTDOORS. 258 00:15:32,665 --> 00:15:40,665 ♪ 259 00:15:57,657 --> 00:16:01,526 ON APRIL 6, 1917, THE UNITED STATES 260 00:16:01,561 --> 00:16:04,326 ENTERED THE GREAT WAR THAT HAD BEEN UNDERWAY 261 00:16:04,363 --> 00:16:08,198 IN EUROPE FOR NEARLY 3 YEARS. 262 00:16:08,234 --> 00:16:12,035 MILLIONS OF YOUNG MEN HAD ALREADY BEEN SLAUGHTERED. 263 00:16:12,071 --> 00:16:16,133 THE WORLD ERNEST HEMINGWAY'S PARENTS HAD PREPARED HIM FOR 264 00:16:16,175 --> 00:16:20,112 HAD DISAPPEARED. 265 00:16:20,146 --> 00:16:22,240 SEVERAL OF HIS HIGH SCHOOL CLASSMATES 266 00:16:22,281 --> 00:16:25,547 HAD ALREADY VOLUNTEERED TO GO TO WAR. 267 00:16:25,585 --> 00:16:30,319 HE HOPED TO GO, TOO, BUT HE WAS TOO YOUNG AT 17, 268 00:16:30,356 --> 00:16:32,587 AND HIS PARENTS WOULD NOT SIGN THE PAPERS 269 00:16:32,625 --> 00:16:35,094 THAT WOULD HAVE WAIVED THAT REQUIREMENT. 270 00:16:35,127 --> 00:16:37,653 THEY WANTED HIM TO GO TO COLLEGE. 271 00:16:37,697 --> 00:16:42,101 HE REFUSED. 272 00:16:42,134 --> 00:16:44,569 A COMPROMISE WAS EVENTUALLY REACHED. 273 00:16:44,604 --> 00:16:49,599 AN UNCLE GOT THE BOY A JOB AT A NEWSPAPER IN KANSAS CITY. 274 00:16:49,642 --> 00:16:52,771 KANSAS CITY WAS A TOUGH, WIDE-OPEN TOWN, 275 00:16:53,012 --> 00:16:55,641 AND THE "KANSAS CITY STAR" WAS ONE OF THE BEST PAPERS 276 00:16:55,681 --> 00:16:57,411 IN THE COUNTRY, 277 00:16:57,450 --> 00:17:02,548 A PIONEER IN CRISP, CLEAR, IMMEDIATE REPORTING. 278 00:17:02,588 --> 00:17:05,649 ITS STYLE-SHEET SET THE TONE. 279 00:17:05,691 --> 00:17:07,751 USE SHORT SENTENCES. 280 00:17:07,793 --> 00:17:10,388 USE SHORT FIRST PARAGRAPHS. 281 00:17:10,429 --> 00:17:12,625 USE VIGOROUS ENGLISH. 282 00:17:12,665 --> 00:17:15,362 BE POSITIVE, NOT NEGATIVE. 283 00:17:15,401 --> 00:17:18,462 AVOID THE USE OF ADJECTIVES. 284 00:17:18,504 --> 00:17:21,269 HEMINGWAY COVERED SHOOTINGS, STABBINGS, 285 00:17:21,307 --> 00:17:24,300 LABOR TROUBLES, A SMALLPOX SCARE. 286 00:17:24,343 --> 00:17:27,108 HE WAS FASCINATED BY ALL OF IT, 287 00:17:27,146 --> 00:17:30,605 AND ECHOES OF WHAT HE HAD HEARD AND SEEN IN KANSAS CITY 288 00:17:30,650 --> 00:17:35,179 WOULD APPEAR AGAIN AND AGAIN IN HIS LATER WRITING. 289 00:17:35,221 --> 00:17:36,861 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: DEAR DAD, WE ARE HAVING 290 00:17:37,056 --> 00:17:38,422 A LAUNDRY STRIKE HERE, 291 00:17:38,457 --> 00:17:40,426 AND I AM HANDLING THE POLICE END. 292 00:17:40,459 --> 00:17:42,223 THE VIOLENCE STORIES. 293 00:17:42,261 --> 00:17:44,696 WRECKING TRUCKS, RUNNING THEM OVER CLIFFS, 294 00:17:44,730 --> 00:17:48,132 AND YESTERDAY, THEY MURDERED A NON-UNION GUARD. 295 00:17:48,167 --> 00:17:49,692 FOR OVER A MONTH I HAVE AVERAGED 296 00:17:49,735 --> 00:17:52,603 OVER A COLUMN A DAY. 297 00:17:54,607 --> 00:17:56,599 AFTER HEMINGWAY TURNED 18, 298 00:17:56,642 --> 00:18:01,171 HE NO LONGER NEEDED HIS PARENTS' PERMISSION TO JOIN THE ARMY, 299 00:18:01,213 --> 00:18:03,239 BUT HE WAS CONVINCED HE WOULD BE REJECTED 300 00:18:03,282 --> 00:18:05,547 BECAUSE HE WAS NEAR-SIGHTED AND JOINED 301 00:18:05,585 --> 00:18:09,352 THE RED CROSS AMBULANCE SERVICE INSTEAD. 302 00:18:09,388 --> 00:18:16,090 NOTHING COULD HAVE PREPARED HIM FOR WHAT HE WAS ABOUT TO SEE. 303 00:18:16,128 --> 00:18:18,188 HEMINGWAY WAS SENT TO ITALY, 304 00:18:18,230 --> 00:18:20,392 WHERE HE WAS IMMEDIATELY DISPATCHED TO THE SCENE 305 00:18:20,433 --> 00:18:22,868 OF A HORRIFIC DISASTER. 306 00:18:23,102 --> 00:18:25,799 A MUNITIONS FACTORY HAD EXPLODED. 307 00:18:25,838 --> 00:18:30,276 35 WORKERS WERE BLOWN TO PIECES. 308 00:18:30,309 --> 00:18:33,507 HE HELPED GATHER UP THE DEAD, INCLUDING THE CORPSE 309 00:18:33,546 --> 00:18:36,641 OF A HEADLESS, LEGLESS WOMAN. 310 00:18:36,682 --> 00:18:39,117 "HEMMIE AND I NEARLY PASSED OUT COLD," 311 00:18:39,151 --> 00:18:42,212 A FRIEND REMEMBERED, "BUT GRITTED OUR TEETH 312 00:18:42,254 --> 00:18:46,589 AND LAID THE THING ON THE STRETCHER." 313 00:18:46,626 --> 00:18:50,586 HEMINGWAY'S RED CROSS UNIT WAS ASSIGNED TO THE ITALIAN ARMY, 314 00:18:50,630 --> 00:18:52,428 FIGHTING THE AUSTRIANS IN THE FOOTHILLS 315 00:18:52,465 --> 00:18:55,629 OF THE ITALIAN ALPS. 316 00:18:55,668 --> 00:18:58,661 HE DROVE AN AMBULANCE FOR ALMOST TWO WEEKS, 317 00:18:58,704 --> 00:19:01,139 BRINGING WOUNDED ITALIAN SOLDIERS DOWN 318 00:19:01,173 --> 00:19:03,836 FROM THE MOUNTAINS. 319 00:19:03,876 --> 00:19:05,708 "THERE'S NOTHING HERE BUT SCENERY 320 00:19:05,745 --> 00:19:08,647 AND TOO DAMN MUCH OF THAT," HE TOLD A FRIEND. 321 00:19:08,681 --> 00:19:10,912 "I'M GOING TO GET OUT OF THIS AMBULANCE SECTION 322 00:19:11,150 --> 00:19:16,555 AND SEE IF I CAN'T FIND OUT WHERE THE WAR IS." 323 00:19:16,589 --> 00:19:20,253 ERNEST VOLUNTEERED TO BICYCLE UP TO THE FRONTLINE TRENCHES 324 00:19:20,292 --> 00:19:23,262 NEAR THE TOWN OF FOSSALTA AND DISTRIBUTE 325 00:19:23,295 --> 00:19:26,163 CANDY AND CIGARETTES TO THE MEN. 326 00:19:26,198 --> 00:19:30,636 LESS THAN A WEEK LATER, ON JULY 8, 1918, 327 00:19:30,670 --> 00:19:32,798 HE WAS PASSING OUT CHOCOLATE BARS 328 00:19:32,838 --> 00:19:35,603 IN A FORWARD LISTENING POST ON THE WEST BANK 329 00:19:35,641 --> 00:19:37,473 OF THE PIAVE RIVER 330 00:19:37,510 --> 00:19:43,882 WHEN AN ENEMY MORTAR SHELL EXPLODED JUST 3 FEET AWAY. 331 00:19:43,916 --> 00:19:46,317 ONE SOLDIER WAS KILLED. 332 00:19:46,352 --> 00:19:50,221 ANOTHER HAD HIS LEGS BLOWN OFF. 333 00:19:50,256 --> 00:19:55,285 MORE THAN 220 SHARDS OF SHRAPNEL RIPPED INTO HEMINGWAY'S LEGS 334 00:19:55,327 --> 00:19:58,661 AND LACERATED HIS SCALP, AND THE BLAST CAUSED 335 00:19:58,698 --> 00:20:01,463 THE FIRST OF MANY SERIOUS CONCUSSIONS 336 00:20:01,500 --> 00:20:05,904 HE WOULD ENDURE DURING HIS LIFETIME. 337 00:20:05,938 --> 00:20:08,373 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: I DIED THEN. 338 00:20:08,407 --> 00:20:13,311 I FELT MY SOUL OR SOMETHING COMING RIGHT OUT OF MY BODY, 339 00:20:13,345 --> 00:20:15,211 LIKE YOU'D PULL A SILK HANDKERCHIEF 340 00:20:15,247 --> 00:20:19,207 OUT OF A POCKET BY ONE CORNER. 341 00:20:19,251 --> 00:20:21,413 IT FLEW AROUND AND THEN CAME BACK 342 00:20:21,454 --> 00:20:27,553 AND WENT IN AGAIN, AND I WASN'T DEAD ANYMORE. 343 00:20:27,593 --> 00:20:29,858 AS STRETCHER-BEARERS STRUGGLED TO GET HEMINGWAY 344 00:20:29,895 --> 00:20:31,591 TO AN AID STATION, 345 00:20:31,630 --> 00:20:34,464 AN ENEMY MACHINE GUNNER OPENED UP. 346 00:20:34,500 --> 00:20:37,766 BULLETS LODGED IN HIS RIGHT KNEE AND FOOT. 347 00:20:37,803 --> 00:20:40,705 HE REFUSED TO BE TREATED FOR A TIME BECAUSE HE SAID 348 00:20:40,740 --> 00:20:45,576 THERE WERE OTHER MEN MORE SERIOUSLY WOUNDED THAN HE. 349 00:20:45,611 --> 00:20:48,274 HE THEN ENDURED THE REMOVAL OF THE LARGEST PIECES 350 00:20:48,314 --> 00:20:51,284 OF SHRAPNEL WITHOUT ANESTHETIC. 351 00:20:51,317 --> 00:20:53,718 BECAUSE HIS WOUNDS SEEMED SO SEVERE, 352 00:20:53,753 --> 00:20:58,350 A CATHOLIC PRIEST ADMINISTERED EXTREME UNCTION. 353 00:20:58,390 --> 00:21:01,554 ITALY WOULD EVENTUALLY AWARD HIM ITS SILVER MEDAL 354 00:21:01,594 --> 00:21:03,620 FOR WHAT THE CITATION CALLED 355 00:21:03,662 --> 00:21:07,793 HIS "ADMIRABLE SPIRIT OF FRATERNITY." 356 00:21:07,833 --> 00:21:10,962 HEMINGWAY FINALLY REACHED THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HOSPITAL 357 00:21:11,003 --> 00:21:15,373 IN MILAN AND UNDERWENT A FURTHER SERIES OF SURGERIES 358 00:21:15,407 --> 00:21:20,436 TO REMOVE THE REMAINING SHRAPNEL AND THE MACHINE GUN BULLETS. 359 00:21:22,481 --> 00:21:25,815 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: DEAR FOLKS, THIS IS A PEACH OF A HOSPITAL. 360 00:21:25,851 --> 00:21:28,047 THERE ARE ABOUT 18 AMERICAN NURSES 361 00:21:28,287 --> 00:21:30,847 TO TAKE CARE OF 4 PATIENTS. 362 00:21:30,890 --> 00:21:33,450 I'M ENCLOSING A PICTURE OF ME IN BED. 363 00:21:33,492 --> 00:21:35,688 IT LOOKS LIKE MY LEFT LEG WAS A STUMP, 364 00:21:35,728 --> 00:21:37,287 BUT IT REALLY ISN'T, 365 00:21:37,329 --> 00:21:40,731 JUST BENT SO IT LOOKS THAT WAY. 366 00:21:40,766 --> 00:21:42,928 THERE IS NOTHING FOR YOU TO WORRY ABOUT 367 00:21:42,968 --> 00:21:45,665 BECAUSE IT HAS BEEN FAIRLY CONCLUSIVELY PROVED 368 00:21:45,704 --> 00:21:48,435 THAT I CAN'T BE BUMPED OFF, 369 00:21:48,474 --> 00:21:50,466 AND WOUNDS DON'T MATTER. 370 00:21:50,509 --> 00:21:52,774 I WOULDN'T MIND BEING WOUNDED AGAIN SO MUCH 371 00:21:52,812 --> 00:21:56,374 BECAUSE I KNOW JUST WHAT IT IS LIKE, 372 00:21:56,415 --> 00:21:59,476 AND YOU CAN ONLY SUFFER SO MUCH, YOU KNOW, 373 00:21:59,518 --> 00:22:02,352 AND IT DOES GIVE YOU AN AWFULLY SATISFACTORY FEELING 374 00:22:02,388 --> 00:22:03,788 TO BE WOUNDED. 375 00:22:03,823 --> 00:22:08,659 IT'S GETTING BEATEN UP IN A GOOD CAUSE. 376 00:22:08,694 --> 00:22:12,426 THERE ARE NO HEROES IN THIS WAR. 377 00:22:12,464 --> 00:22:14,524 ALL THE HEROES ARE DEAD, 378 00:22:14,567 --> 00:22:18,402 AND THE REAL HEROES ARE THE PARENTS. 379 00:22:18,437 --> 00:22:21,100 DYING IS A VERY SIMPLE THING. 380 00:22:21,340 --> 00:22:24,868 I'VE LOOKED AT DEATH, AND REALLY I KNOW. 381 00:22:24,910 --> 00:22:26,640 IF I SHOULD HAVE DIED, IT WOULD HAVE BEEN 382 00:22:26,679 --> 00:22:29,444 VERY EASY FOR ME, 383 00:22:29,481 --> 00:22:31,973 AND HOW MUCH BETTER TO DIE IN ALL THE HAPPY PERIOD 384 00:22:32,017 --> 00:22:34,885 OF UNDISILLUSIONED YOUTH, 385 00:22:34,920 --> 00:22:37,480 TO GO OUT IN A BLAZE OF LIGHT, 386 00:22:37,523 --> 00:22:40,049 THAN TO HAVE YOUR BODY WORN OUT AND OLD 387 00:22:40,092 --> 00:22:43,756 AND ILLUSIONS SHATTERED. 388 00:22:43,796 --> 00:22:48,359 SO, DEAR OLD FAMILY, DON'T EVER WORRY ABOUT ME! 389 00:22:48,400 --> 00:22:50,767 IT ISN'T BAD TO BE WOUNDED: 390 00:22:50,803 --> 00:22:54,035 I KNOW BECAUSE I'VE EXPERIENCED IT, 391 00:22:54,073 --> 00:22:57,976 AND IF I DIE, I'M LUCKY. 392 00:23:01,146 --> 00:23:03,547 AUGUST 26. 393 00:23:03,582 --> 00:23:06,643 ERNEST HEMINGWAY IS GETTING EARNEST. 394 00:23:06,685 --> 00:23:08,711 HE WAS TALKING LAST NIGHT OF WHAT MIGHT BE 395 00:23:08,754 --> 00:23:11,383 IF HE WAS 26 OR 28. 396 00:23:11,423 --> 00:23:15,884 IN SOME WAYS... AT SOME TIMES... I WISH VERY MUCH THAT HE WAS. 397 00:23:15,928 --> 00:23:18,159 HE IS ADORABLE, AND WE ARE VERY CONGENIAL 398 00:23:18,397 --> 00:23:21,697 IN EVERY WAY. 399 00:23:21,734 --> 00:23:24,431 AS HE WAS RECOVERING, HEMINGWAY FELL IN LOVE 400 00:23:24,470 --> 00:23:26,029 WITH HIS NIGHT NURSE, 401 00:23:26,071 --> 00:23:29,508 AN AMERICAN NAMED AGNES VON KUROWSKY. 402 00:23:29,541 --> 00:23:32,602 SHE WAS AUBURN-HAIRED AND 26, 403 00:23:32,645 --> 00:23:35,615 7 1/2 YEARS OLDER THAN HER PATIENT, 404 00:23:35,648 --> 00:23:40,018 ENGAGED TO A DOCTOR BACK HOME, AND FLIRTATIOUS. 405 00:23:40,052 --> 00:23:42,453 HE BEGAN CALLING HER "AG." 406 00:23:42,488 --> 00:23:45,617 SHE CALLED HIM "KID," AND OVER THE WEEKS 407 00:23:45,658 --> 00:23:48,594 THAT FOLLOWED, SHE GAVE HIM A RING TO WEAR, 408 00:23:48,627 --> 00:23:50,789 ENJOYED WITH HIM THE WINE AND COGNAC 409 00:23:50,829 --> 00:23:53,628 HE BRIBED THE PORTER TO SMUGGLE IN, 410 00:23:53,666 --> 00:23:55,965 TOOK WALKS AND CARRIAGE RIDES WITH HIM 411 00:23:56,001 --> 00:23:58,835 AS SOON AS HE WAS ABLE TO LEAVE HIS ROOM, 412 00:23:58,871 --> 00:24:02,035 AND SHE WAS ONCE REPRIMANDED BY HER SUPERIOR 413 00:24:02,074 --> 00:24:06,910 FOR HAVING LEFT A GOLD HAIR-PIN BENEATH HIS PILLOW. 414 00:24:06,946 --> 00:24:09,541 WHEN AGNES WAS TRANSFERRED TO AN ARMY HOSPITAL 415 00:24:09,581 --> 00:24:12,915 IN FLORENCE, ERNEST WROTE HER SO MANY LETTERS, 416 00:24:12,952 --> 00:24:16,548 SHE URGED HIM TO SLOW DOWN, 417 00:24:16,588 --> 00:24:19,786 BUT SHE ALSO TOLD HIM SHE WAS LOST WITHOUT HIM, 418 00:24:19,825 --> 00:24:22,124 WISHED SHE COULD PUT HER ARMS AROUND HIM, 419 00:24:22,161 --> 00:24:24,630 DREAMED OF HIM EVERY NIGHT. 420 00:24:24,663 --> 00:24:28,191 "I SOMETIMES WISH WE COULD MARRY OVER HERE," SHE WROTE, 421 00:24:28,233 --> 00:24:32,068 AND SHE SIGNED SOME OF HER LETTERS "MRS. KID," 422 00:24:32,104 --> 00:24:38,806 BUT SHE SIGNED OTHERS SIMPLY, "YOURS TILL THE WAR IS OVER." 423 00:24:38,844 --> 00:24:41,006 TO FILL THE HOURS WHILE SHE WAS AWAY, 424 00:24:41,046 --> 00:24:43,572 ERNEST BEGAN TO WRITE A SHORT STORY 425 00:24:43,615 --> 00:24:46,608 ABOUT A HIDEOUSLY WOUNDED AMERICAN SOLDIER, 426 00:24:46,652 --> 00:24:50,817 WHO MUSES OVER THE MEDALS HE'D BEEN GIVEN FOR HIS HEROISM 427 00:24:50,856 --> 00:24:54,190 AND THE MEANINGLESS CITATION THAT ACCOMPANIED THEM 428 00:24:54,226 --> 00:24:59,563 AND THEN DECIDES TO KILL HIMSELF. 429 00:24:59,598 --> 00:25:02,227 BY THE TIME HEMINGWAY WAS FINALLY WELL ENOUGH TO SAIL 430 00:25:02,267 --> 00:25:06,204 FOR HOME IN EARLY 1919, THE WAR HAD ENDED, 431 00:25:06,238 --> 00:25:10,005 AND HE WAS DETERMINED, HE SAID, TO "MAKE THE WORLD SAFE 432 00:25:10,042 --> 00:25:12,204 FOR ERNEST HEMINGWAY." 433 00:25:12,244 --> 00:25:15,043 AS SOON AS HIS WRITING PROVIDED HIM WITH A LIVING, 434 00:25:15,080 --> 00:25:18,050 HE AND AGNES WOULD MARRY. 435 00:25:18,083 --> 00:25:22,111 AS HEMINGWAY LIMPED DOWN THE GANGPLANK IN NEW YORK, 436 00:25:22,154 --> 00:25:24,146 A REPORTER FROM THE "NEW YORK SUN" 437 00:25:24,189 --> 00:25:26,021 WAS THERE TO MEET HIM. 438 00:25:26,058 --> 00:25:27,890 HE MADE THE FIRST OF THE HUNDREDS 439 00:25:27,926 --> 00:25:31,761 OF NATIONAL HEADLINES HE WOULD MAKE DURING HIS LIFETIME. 440 00:25:34,566 --> 00:25:38,128 HE RETURNED TO OAK PARK TO A HERO'S WELCOME. 441 00:25:38,170 --> 00:25:41,163 HE LOVED THE ADULATION, WAS DELIGHTED 442 00:25:41,206 --> 00:25:44,176 WHEN AN ITALIAN-AMERICAN DELEGATION CAME OUT 443 00:25:44,209 --> 00:25:47,077 FROM CHICAGO TO HIS MOTHER'S MUSIC ROOM 444 00:25:47,112 --> 00:25:52,107 TO HONOR HIM FOR HIS COURAGE UNTIL HIS TEETOTALING PARENTS... 445 00:25:52,151 --> 00:25:54,950 APPALLED BY THE FREE-FLOWING WINE... 446 00:25:54,987 --> 00:25:57,923 PUT A STOP TO SUCH VISITS. 447 00:25:57,956 --> 00:25:59,822 WHENEVER HE LEFT HIS PARENTS' HOUSE, 448 00:25:59,858 --> 00:26:01,622 HE WORE HIS UNIFORM, 449 00:26:01,660 --> 00:26:04,789 COMPLETE WITH A BLACK VELVET ITALIAN CAPE, 450 00:26:04,830 --> 00:26:06,924 AND HE APPEARED BEFORE LOCAL GROUPS, 451 00:26:06,965 --> 00:26:11,801 RETELLING AND EMBELLISHING HIS WAR STORIES FOR A FEE, 452 00:26:11,837 --> 00:26:13,829 THOUGH HE SAID HE HAD NOTHING BUT CONTEMPT 453 00:26:13,872 --> 00:26:18,674 FOR THOSE WHO WANTED TO BE "VICARIOUSLY HORRIFIED." 454 00:26:21,680 --> 00:26:24,343 BUT NOW HE CLAIMED, DESPITE HIS WOUNDS, 455 00:26:24,583 --> 00:26:27,712 HE'D MANAGED TO CARRY AN INJURED MAN TO SAFETY 456 00:26:27,753 --> 00:26:30,985 BEFORE COLLAPSING, AND HE LET HIS AUDIENCES BELIEVE 457 00:26:31,023 --> 00:26:33,993 THAT, ALTHOUGH HE STILL COULD NOT WALK WITHOUT A CANE, 458 00:26:34,026 --> 00:26:36,928 HE'D SOMEHOW BEEN ABLE TO RETURN TO THE FRONT 459 00:26:36,962 --> 00:26:40,956 AND FIGHT ALONGSIDE AN ELITE UNIT OF THE ITALIAN ARMY 460 00:26:40,999 --> 00:26:43,730 BEFORE THE SHOOTING STOPPED. 461 00:26:46,839 --> 00:26:48,671 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: TO BE LISTENED TO AT ALL HE 462 00:26:48,707 --> 00:26:50,266 HAD TO LIE, 463 00:26:50,309 --> 00:26:52,175 AND AFTER HE HAD DONE THIS TWICE, 464 00:26:52,211 --> 00:26:55,010 HE, TOO, HAD A REACTION AGAINST THE WAR 465 00:26:55,047 --> 00:26:57,073 AND AGAINST TALKING ABOUT IT. 466 00:26:57,116 --> 00:26:59,881 A DISTASTE FOR EVERYTHING THAT HAD HAPPENED TO HIM 467 00:26:59,918 --> 00:27:02,319 IN THE WAR SET IN 468 00:27:02,354 --> 00:27:06,689 BECAUSE OF THE LIES HE HAD TOLD. 469 00:27:06,725 --> 00:27:09,752 WHEN ERNEST WAS NOT MAKING PUBLIC APPEARANCES, 470 00:27:09,795 --> 00:27:12,890 HE WAS IN HIS THIRD-FLOOR BEDROOM UNDER THE EAVES, 471 00:27:12,931 --> 00:27:16,663 HUNCHED OVER AN OLD TYPEWRITER, WRITING WAR STORIES 472 00:27:16,702 --> 00:27:19,297 AND SENDING THEM OFF TO THE "SATURDAY EVENING POST" 473 00:27:19,338 --> 00:27:23,639 AND "REDBOOK," TRYING TO SHOW AGNES AND HIS PARENTS 474 00:27:23,675 --> 00:27:26,406 THAT HE COULD MAKE IT AS A WRITER. 475 00:27:26,645 --> 00:27:30,047 ALL THE STORIES WERE REJECTED. 476 00:27:30,082 --> 00:27:31,948 DESPITE THE BRAVADO WITH WHICH 477 00:27:31,984 --> 00:27:35,148 HE FACED HIS NEIGHBORS, HE HAD BEEN DEEPLY AFFECTED 478 00:27:35,187 --> 00:27:38,055 BY THE WAR AND BY HIS WOUNDING. 479 00:27:38,090 --> 00:27:41,686 AN OLD FRIEND WHO VISITED HIM THAT WINTER REMEMBERED 480 00:27:41,727 --> 00:27:45,095 THAT "HE CAME BACK FIGURATIVELY AS WELL AS LITERALLY 481 00:27:45,130 --> 00:27:46,962 SHOT TO PIECES." 482 00:27:46,999 --> 00:27:48,991 HE COULD NOT SLEEP WITHOUT A LIGHT 483 00:27:49,034 --> 00:27:51,162 BECAUSE HE HAD BEEN WOUNDED AT NIGHT 484 00:27:51,203 --> 00:27:53,434 AND HAD COME TO BELIEVE, HE WOULD WRITE, 485 00:27:53,672 --> 00:27:57,905 "THAT IF I EVER SHUT MY EYES IN THE DARK AND LET MYSELF GO, 486 00:27:57,943 --> 00:28:02,210 MY SOUL WOULD GO OUT OF MY BODY." 487 00:28:02,247 --> 00:28:04,944 HIS SISTER URSULA SOMETIMES SLEPT IN HIS ROOM 488 00:28:04,983 --> 00:28:07,009 TO SOOTHE HIS FEARS. 489 00:28:07,052 --> 00:28:11,786 ALL HIS LIFE, HE WOULD BE FRIGHTENED OF SLEEPING ALONE. 490 00:28:11,823 --> 00:28:15,225 HIS GREAT CONSOLATION WAS THAT AGNES WOULD SOON 491 00:28:15,260 --> 00:28:19,755 BE COMING HOME TO MARRY HIM. 492 00:28:19,798 --> 00:28:23,758 WOMAN, AS AGNES: MARCH 7, 1919. 493 00:28:23,802 --> 00:28:26,772 ERNIE, DEAR BOY, I AM WRITING THIS 494 00:28:26,805 --> 00:28:29,969 LATE AT NIGHT AFTER A LONG THINK BY MYSELF, 495 00:28:30,008 --> 00:28:32,375 AND I AM AFRAID IT IS GOING TO HURT YOU, 496 00:28:32,411 --> 00:28:35,939 BUT I'M SURE IT WON'T HARM YOU PERMANENTLY. 497 00:28:35,981 --> 00:28:37,916 FOR QUITE A WHILE BEFORE YOU LEFT, 498 00:28:37,950 --> 00:28:43,150 I WAS TRYING TO CONVINCE MYSELF IT WAS A REAL LOVE-AFFAIR, 499 00:28:43,188 --> 00:28:47,216 BUT NOW, AFTER A COUPLE OF MONTHS AWAY FROM YOU, 500 00:28:47,259 --> 00:28:49,956 I KNOW THAT I AM STILL VERY FOND OF YOU, 501 00:28:49,995 --> 00:28:53,762 BUT IT IS MORE AS A MOTHER THAN AS A SWEETHEART, 502 00:28:53,799 --> 00:28:55,290 AND I CAN'T GET AWAY FROM THE FACT 503 00:28:55,334 --> 00:28:58,793 THAT YOU'RE JUST A BOY, A KID. 504 00:29:00,505 --> 00:29:03,407 I EXPECT TO BE MARRIED SOON. 505 00:29:03,442 --> 00:29:05,968 AND I HOPE AND PRAY THAT AFTER YOU HAVE THOUGHT 506 00:29:06,011 --> 00:29:08,480 THINGS OUT, YOU'LL BE ABLE TO FORGIVE ME AND START 507 00:29:08,513 --> 00:29:13,076 A WONDERFUL CAREER AND SHOW WHAT A MAN YOU REALLY ARE. 508 00:29:13,118 --> 00:29:19,456 EVER ADMIRINGLY AND FONDLY, YOUR FRIEND, AGGIE. 509 00:29:19,491 --> 00:29:22,256 ERNEST IMMEDIATELY WROTE TO BILL HORNE, 510 00:29:22,294 --> 00:29:25,162 A FRIEND FROM THE AMBULANCE SERVICE. 511 00:29:28,767 --> 00:29:31,464 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: IT HAS HIT ME SO SUDDEN. 512 00:29:31,503 --> 00:29:33,836 SHE DOESN'T LOVE ME, BILL. 513 00:29:33,872 --> 00:29:35,864 SHE TAKES IT ALL BACK. 514 00:29:35,907 --> 00:29:41,005 A "MISTAKE," ONE OF THOSE LITTLE MISTAKES, YOU KNOW. 515 00:29:41,046 --> 00:29:42,844 OH, BILL, I CAN'T KID ABOUT IT 516 00:29:42,881 --> 00:29:45,043 BECAUSE I'M JUST SMASHED BY IT, 517 00:29:45,083 --> 00:29:46,517 BUT SHE DOESN'T LOVE ME NOW, BILL, 518 00:29:46,551 --> 00:29:50,010 AND SHE IS GOING TO MARRY SOMEONE ELSE, 519 00:29:50,055 --> 00:29:52,422 AND SHE HOPES THAT AFTER I HAVE FORGIVEN HER 520 00:29:52,457 --> 00:29:56,394 I WILL HAVE A WONDERFUL CAREER AND EVERYTHING, 521 00:29:56,428 --> 00:30:00,388 BUT, BILL, I DON'T WANT A WONDERFUL CAREER. 522 00:30:00,432 --> 00:30:03,994 ALL I WANTED WAS AG AND HAPPINESS, 523 00:30:04,036 --> 00:30:08,838 AND NOW THE BOTTOM HAS DROPPED OUT OF THE WHOLE WORLD. 524 00:30:08,874 --> 00:30:12,072 HE DEVELOPED A FEVER, REFUSED TO SEE ANYONE, 525 00:30:12,110 --> 00:30:15,046 BEGAN DRINKING SECRETLY FROM BOTTLES OF LIQUEUR 526 00:30:15,080 --> 00:30:19,279 HE HID IN HIS BOOKCASE, STOPPED WRITING FOR A TIME. 527 00:30:19,318 --> 00:30:23,346 THERE SEEMED TO BE NO POINT. 528 00:30:23,388 --> 00:30:26,984 I DON'T KNOW HOW MUCH HE TRUSTED WOMEN AFTER THAT. 529 00:30:27,025 --> 00:30:28,960 I JUST DON'T, 530 00:30:28,994 --> 00:30:31,964 BUT I DO KNOW HE LOVED BEING IN LOVE. 531 00:30:35,267 --> 00:30:37,827 HE'D BEEN A BIG-CITY NEWSPAPERMAN, 532 00:30:37,869 --> 00:30:41,271 HAD EXPERIENCED WAR AND NEARLY BEEN KILLED, 533 00:30:41,306 --> 00:30:43,468 HAD BEEN DISAPPOINTED IN LOVE 534 00:30:43,508 --> 00:30:47,036 AND SOMEHOW NOW FOUND HIMSELF BACK HOME, 535 00:30:47,079 --> 00:30:49,878 STILL BEING TREATED AS IF HE WERE A BOY, 536 00:30:49,915 --> 00:30:53,545 AS IF NONE OF IT HAD HAPPENED. 537 00:30:53,585 --> 00:30:55,986 THINGS WERE OUT THERE. 538 00:30:56,021 --> 00:31:00,459 HE SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN HUNGRY FROM AN EARLY AGE, 539 00:31:00,492 --> 00:31:04,088 AND HE COULD NEVER HAVE BEEN IN MY OPINION, 540 00:31:04,129 --> 00:31:06,621 ESPECIALLY AFTER THE FIRST WORLD WAR, 541 00:31:06,865 --> 00:31:13,999 CONTAINED BY OAK PARK'S QUIET SUNDAYS AND PERFECT LAWNS. 542 00:31:14,039 --> 00:31:16,338 I THINK THAT WAS IMPOSSIBLE THEN. 543 00:31:16,375 --> 00:31:21,006 SO THAT, OF COURSE, LED TO A CONFLICT WITH HIS FAMILY, 544 00:31:21,046 --> 00:31:24,107 WHO FELT AFTER WAR YOU SHOULD BE 545 00:31:24,149 --> 00:31:27,142 WHAT THEY PERCEIVED YOU TO BE BEFORE YOU LEFT, 546 00:31:27,185 --> 00:31:29,086 BUT YOU'RE NO LONGER THE SAME PERSON. 547 00:31:29,121 --> 00:31:32,580 HE WAS NO LONGER THE SAME PERSON. 548 00:31:32,624 --> 00:31:36,152 THE PAIN OF LOSING AGNES EVENTUALLY EASED. 549 00:31:36,194 --> 00:31:38,390 THAT SUMMER, ERNEST TOLD A FRIEND, 550 00:31:38,430 --> 00:31:42,424 HE UNDERWENT WHAT HE CALLED A "PROCESS OF CAUTERIZATION 551 00:31:42,467 --> 00:31:46,268 "IN WHICH COGNAC AND 2 OR 3 GIRLS I CARED NOTHING ABOUT 552 00:31:46,304 --> 00:31:50,969 BUT VIOLENTLY RUSHED TOOK THE PLACE OF THE RED IRON." 553 00:31:54,413 --> 00:31:58,316 HEMINGWAY EVENTUALLY RETURNED TO HIS TYPEWRITER THAT FALL, 554 00:31:58,350 --> 00:32:01,149 FIRST WRITING MORE STORIES IN A RENTED ROOM 555 00:32:01,186 --> 00:32:04,645 IN PETOSKEY, MICHIGAN, THEN IN TORONTO, 556 00:32:04,689 --> 00:32:08,091 WRITING FREELANCE PIECES FOR THE "DAILY STAR" 557 00:32:08,126 --> 00:32:12,291 AND "STAR WEEKLY" ABOUT FISHING AND CHICAGO GANGSTERS 558 00:32:12,330 --> 00:32:15,164 AND THE DANGERS OF ACCEPTING A FREE SHAVE 559 00:32:15,200 --> 00:32:17,465 AT A BARBER'S COLLEGE. 560 00:32:20,639 --> 00:32:23,336 BUT WHEN HE RETURNED TO HIS FAMILY AT WALLOON LAKE 561 00:32:23,375 --> 00:32:28,575 IN THE SUMMER OF 1920, THINGS WENT FROM BAD TO WORSE. 562 00:32:28,613 --> 00:32:32,050 HE SEEMED UNINTERESTED IN LOOKING FOR A STEADY JOB, 563 00:32:32,083 --> 00:32:34,109 SPOKE VAGUELY OF BOARDING A FREIGHTER 564 00:32:34,152 --> 00:32:36,121 AND SAILING AROUND THE WORLD 565 00:32:36,154 --> 00:32:40,387 AS ONE OF HIS FAVORITE WRITERS JACK LONDON HAD DONE. 566 00:32:40,425 --> 00:32:43,623 WHEN HIS MOTHER OBJECTED, HE SNAPPED AT HER. 567 00:32:43,662 --> 00:32:47,258 HIS FATHER EXHORTED HIM TO "SOFTEN YOUR TEMPER 568 00:32:47,299 --> 00:32:51,498 AND FEAR GOD AND RESPECT WOMAN." 569 00:32:51,536 --> 00:32:56,702 THINGS CAME TO A HEAD 6 DAYS AFTER HIS 21st BIRTHDAY. 570 00:32:56,741 --> 00:33:00,109 HE AND TWO OF HIS YOUNGER SISTERS JOINED FRIENDS, 571 00:33:00,145 --> 00:33:02,740 INCLUDING THEIR NEIGHBOR'S TEENAGE DAUGHTERS, 572 00:33:02,981 --> 00:33:07,544 AT A SECRET MOONLIGHT PARTY ACROSS THE LAKE. 573 00:33:07,586 --> 00:33:10,681 WHEN HIS MOTHER FOUND OUT ABOUT IT, SHE WAS FURIOUS. 574 00:33:10,722 --> 00:33:13,658 HE WAS OLD ENOUGH TO KNOW BETTER, SHE TOLD HIM. 575 00:33:13,692 --> 00:33:16,491 HE WAS CORRUPTING THE MORALS OF MINORS, 576 00:33:16,528 --> 00:33:20,124 HE WAS A DISGRACE TO HIS FAMILY. 577 00:33:20,165 --> 00:33:21,997 SHE HANDED HIM A LETTER ADDRESSED 578 00:33:22,033 --> 00:33:25,299 TO "MY DEAR SON ERNEST." 579 00:33:25,337 --> 00:33:28,239 IT BEGAN WITH A CATALOGUE OF THE SACRIFICES 580 00:33:28,273 --> 00:33:33,177 SHE SAID SHE HAD MADE FOR HIS BENEFIT. 581 00:33:33,211 --> 00:33:36,477 "A MOTHER'S LOVE," SHE TOLD HIM, WAS "LIKE A BANK." 582 00:33:36,515 --> 00:33:39,314 SHE HAD MADE ALL THE EARLY DEPOSITS... 583 00:33:39,351 --> 00:33:42,378 THE PAIN OF CHILDBIRTH, THE SLEEPLESS NIGHTS, 584 00:33:42,420 --> 00:33:44,685 THE YEARS OF PATIENT UNDERSTANDING 585 00:33:44,723 --> 00:33:47,318 AND ENCOURAGEMENT, 586 00:33:47,359 --> 00:33:49,760 BUT NOW THAT "FULL MANHOOD" WAS HERE, 587 00:33:49,794 --> 00:33:55,734 IT WAS HIS TURN TO MAKE "DEPOSITS" OF HIS OWN, SHE SAID. 588 00:33:55,767 --> 00:33:58,236 WOMAN, AS GRACE: UNLESS YOU, MY SON, ERNEST, 589 00:33:58,270 --> 00:34:01,604 COME TO YOURSELF, CEASE YOUR LAZY LOAFING 590 00:34:01,640 --> 00:34:04,576 AND PLEASURE SEEKING... BORROWING WITH NO THOUGHT 591 00:34:04,609 --> 00:34:06,339 OF RETURNING... 592 00:34:06,378 --> 00:34:09,075 STOP TRYING TO GRAFT A LIVING OFF ANYBODY, 593 00:34:09,114 --> 00:34:12,812 AND EVERYBODY, SPENDING ALL YOUR EARNINGS 594 00:34:13,051 --> 00:34:17,250 LAVISHLY AND WASTEFULLY ON LUXURIES FOR YOURSELF... 595 00:34:17,289 --> 00:34:19,758 STOP TRADING ON YOUR HANDSOME FACE 596 00:34:19,791 --> 00:34:23,284 TO FOOL LITTLE GULLIBLE GIRLS, 597 00:34:23,328 --> 00:34:25,820 AND NEGLECTING YOUR DUTIES TO GOD 598 00:34:26,064 --> 00:34:28,499 AND YOUR SAVIOR JESUS CHRIST, 599 00:34:28,533 --> 00:34:33,164 UNLESS, IN OTHER WORDS, YOU COME INTO YOUR MANHOOD, 600 00:34:33,204 --> 00:34:37,539 THERE IS NOTHING BEFORE YOU, BUT BANKRUPTCY. 601 00:34:37,576 --> 00:34:41,172 YOU HAVE OVERDRAWN. 602 00:34:41,212 --> 00:34:43,681 ERNEST WAS TO LEAVE HOME, SHE SAID, 603 00:34:43,715 --> 00:34:46,583 AND NOT "COME BACK UNTIL YOUR TONGUE HAS LEARNED 604 00:34:46,618 --> 00:34:50,282 NOT TO INSULT AND SHAME YOUR MOTHER." 605 00:34:50,322 --> 00:34:52,518 "MAKES A GUY FEEL KIND OF ROTTEN," 606 00:34:52,557 --> 00:34:54,549 ERNEST TOLD A FRIEND, "TO KNOW THAT 607 00:34:54,593 --> 00:34:59,361 HE HASN'T ANY HOME, EVEN IF HE DOESN'T USE IT." 608 00:34:59,397 --> 00:35:02,799 HE AND HIS MOTHER WOULD EVENTUALLY RECONCILE, 609 00:35:02,834 --> 00:35:04,462 BUT HEMINGWAY'S ANTIPATHY 610 00:35:04,502 --> 00:35:07,370 TOWARD HER WOULD NEVER DISSIPATE, 611 00:35:07,405 --> 00:35:10,102 YET OF ALL HER CHILDREN, HE WOULD BECOME 612 00:35:10,141 --> 00:35:14,169 THE MOST LIKE HER... OPINIONATED, JUDGMENTAL, 613 00:35:14,212 --> 00:35:19,173 CONTROLLING, SELF-DRAMATIZING. 614 00:35:19,217 --> 00:35:22,745 ERNEST MOVED TO CHICAGO, ROOMED WITH OLD FRIENDS, 615 00:35:22,787 --> 00:35:26,280 AND GOT TO KNOW THE CELEBRATED WRITER SHERWOOD ANDERSON, 616 00:35:26,324 --> 00:35:28,725 WHO BECAME SOMETHING OF A MENTOR. 617 00:35:28,760 --> 00:35:32,288 HEMINGWAY SUPPORTED HIMSELF WRITING AD COPY 618 00:35:32,330 --> 00:35:35,630 AND WORKED AWAY AT SHORT STORIES AT NIGHT. 619 00:35:35,667 --> 00:35:38,660 NO ONE SEEMED INTERESTED IN THEM. 620 00:35:38,703 --> 00:35:41,696 ALL WRITERS ARE NARCISSISTIC. 621 00:35:41,740 --> 00:35:43,606 THAT'S NOT THE SAME AS BEING A NARCISSIST, 622 00:35:43,642 --> 00:35:45,304 AS BEING A SOCIOPATH, 623 00:35:45,343 --> 00:35:47,574 BUT NO ONE CAN SIT IN A ROOM BY THEMSELVES 624 00:35:47,612 --> 00:35:51,276 12 HOURS A DAY, THINKING ABOUT WHAT THEY'RE THINKING 625 00:35:51,316 --> 00:35:53,182 AND NOT BE A LITTLE MORE SELF-FOCUSED 626 00:35:53,218 --> 00:35:54,777 THAN THE NORMAL PERSON. 627 00:35:54,819 --> 00:35:58,278 YOU'RE DEFINITELY ON THE FAR END OF THE BELL CURVE. 628 00:36:01,660 --> 00:36:04,892 OH, MR. HEMINGWAY, HOW I LOVE YOU. 629 00:36:04,929 --> 00:36:06,830 HOW EXCITING YOU ARE. 630 00:36:06,865 --> 00:36:09,494 HOW A LOT OF THINGS HAPPEN AROUND YOU, 631 00:36:09,534 --> 00:36:14,336 AND BESIDES ALL THAT, I LOVE YOU ANYWAY. 632 00:36:14,372 --> 00:36:16,773 HOW I LOVE THE WAY YOU LOVE ME, 633 00:36:16,808 --> 00:36:21,303 AND YOUR FLANNEL SHIRT SEEMS A STRANGELY BEAUTIFUL THING, 634 00:36:21,346 --> 00:36:23,906 AND IT SMELLS SO GOOD BESIDES. 635 00:36:23,948 --> 00:36:27,350 SOME DAY, IF I DON'T WATCH OUT, THERE'LL BE A POEM 636 00:36:27,385 --> 00:36:29,354 ON THE SMELL OF A CLEAN WHITE SHIRT 637 00:36:29,387 --> 00:36:32,186 THAT'LL RAISE UP THE HAIR ON THE DEAD. 638 00:36:32,223 --> 00:36:34,351 HADLEY RICHARDSON. 639 00:36:38,730 --> 00:36:41,427 ONE OCTOBER EVENING IN 1920, 640 00:36:41,466 --> 00:36:44,459 HEMINGWAY ATTENDED A PARTY AT A FRIEND'S APARTMENT 641 00:36:44,502 --> 00:36:48,701 AND WAS INTRODUCED TO A VISITOR FROM ST. LOUIS. 642 00:36:48,740 --> 00:36:50,538 "THE MOMENT SHE ENTERED THE ROOM, 643 00:36:50,575 --> 00:36:52,567 AN INTENSE FEELING CAME OVER ME," 644 00:36:52,610 --> 00:36:55,273 HEMINGWAY REMEMBERED MANY YEARS LATER. 645 00:36:55,313 --> 00:36:59,808 "I KNEW SHE WAS THE GIRL I WAS GOING TO MARRY." 646 00:36:59,851 --> 00:37:02,980 ELIZABETH HADLEY RICHARDSON WAS 28, 647 00:37:03,221 --> 00:37:05,816 THE SHY PRODUCT OF A WELL-TO-DO FAMILY 648 00:37:05,857 --> 00:37:09,885 FAR MORE TENSE AND TROUBLED EVEN THAN HIS. 649 00:37:09,928 --> 00:37:14,229 HER ALCOHOLIC FATHER HAD SHOT HIMSELF WHEN SHE WAS 13. 650 00:37:14,265 --> 00:37:16,666 A BELOVED SISTER HAD BURNED TO DEATH. 651 00:37:16,701 --> 00:37:19,296 SHE HERSELF HAD SUFFERED A NERVOUS BREAKDOWN 652 00:37:19,337 --> 00:37:22,569 AT BRYN MAWR AND BEEN FORCED TO SPEND THE LAST 8 YEARS 653 00:37:22,607 --> 00:37:27,011 AT HOME, CARING FOR HER ERRATIC AND DOMINEERING MOTHER, 654 00:37:27,245 --> 00:37:30,272 SOMETIMES DRIVEN TO SUCH DESPAIR 655 00:37:30,315 --> 00:37:33,843 THAT HADLEY CONSIDERED SUICIDE. 656 00:37:33,885 --> 00:37:38,289 HER MOTHER HAD DIED JUST WEEKS BEFORE SHE MET HEMINGWAY. 657 00:37:38,323 --> 00:37:41,418 SHE WAS EAGER, SHE RECALLED, TO FIND SOMEONE 658 00:37:41,459 --> 00:37:45,658 WITH WHOM SHE COULD BEGIN TO BUILD A LIFE OF HER OWN. 659 00:37:50,034 --> 00:37:53,027 WOMAN, AS RICHARDSON: I NEED YOU IN EVERY PART OF MY LIFE. 660 00:37:53,271 --> 00:37:54,967 I WANT TO BE KISSED. 661 00:37:55,006 --> 00:37:56,975 I WANT TO PULL YOUR HEAD DOWN ON MY HEART 662 00:37:57,008 --> 00:37:59,773 AND HOLD IT VERY CLOSE AND CRADLE YOU THERE 663 00:37:59,811 --> 00:38:03,543 FOR HOURS, YOU BLESSED THING. 664 00:38:03,581 --> 00:38:10,044 LOVE YOU, LOVE YOU, YOUR OWNEST IN THE WORLD. 665 00:38:10,288 --> 00:38:13,349 FALLING IN LOVE WITH HEMINGWAY, HADLEY SAID, 666 00:38:13,391 --> 00:38:17,294 WAS A "GREAT EXPLOSION INTO LIFE." 667 00:38:17,328 --> 00:38:20,025 WITHIN 6 WEEKS, HE WAS CALLING HER "HASH," 668 00:38:20,064 --> 00:38:22,932 AND THEY WERE TALKING OF MARRIAGE. 669 00:38:22,967 --> 00:38:25,903 THEY WOULD NOT ACTUALLY WED FOR NEARLY A YEAR 670 00:38:25,937 --> 00:38:28,668 AND WERE APART MOST OF THAT TIME, 671 00:38:28,706 --> 00:38:34,077 BUT THEY WROTE ONE ANOTHER ALMOST DAILY. 672 00:38:34,312 --> 00:38:36,042 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: 'COURSE I LOVE YOU. 673 00:38:36,080 --> 00:38:38,481 I LOVE YOU ALL THE TIME. 674 00:38:38,516 --> 00:38:41,076 WHEN I WAKE UP IN THE MORNING AND HAVE TO CLIMB OUT OF BED 675 00:38:41,319 --> 00:38:44,084 AND SPLASH AROUND AND SHAVE, I LOOK AT YOUR PICTURE 676 00:38:44,322 --> 00:38:46,723 AND THINK ABOUT YOU, 677 00:38:46,758 --> 00:38:51,321 AND IN THE EVENING, IT'S TOO MUCH TO STAND. 678 00:38:51,362 --> 00:38:54,093 'NIGHT, MY DEAREST HASH. 679 00:38:54,332 --> 00:38:56,961 I'D LIKE TO HOLD YOU SO AND KISS YOU SO 680 00:38:57,001 --> 00:39:00,802 THAT YOU WOULDN'T DOUBT WHETHER I WANTED TO OR NOT. 681 00:39:00,839 --> 00:39:05,004 LOVE YOU... ERNESTO 682 00:39:05,043 --> 00:39:07,945 HIS LOVE RESTORED HER SELF-CONFIDENCE 683 00:39:07,979 --> 00:39:10,676 AFTER YEARS OF SELF-DOUBT. 684 00:39:10,715 --> 00:39:13,412 "WE'RE THE SAME FIRM," SHE TOLD HIM. 685 00:39:13,451 --> 00:39:14,817 "THE WORLD'S A JAIL, 686 00:39:14,853 --> 00:39:17,584 AND WE'RE GONNA BREAK IT TOGETHER." 687 00:39:17,622 --> 00:39:22,458 HER CONFIDENCE IN HIM WOULD HELP HIM REALIZE HIS TALENT. 688 00:39:22,493 --> 00:39:26,555 WHEN ERNEST TOLD HADLEY HE NOW FELT READY TO START A NOVEL 689 00:39:26,598 --> 00:39:29,659 BASED UPON HIS OWN BOYHOOD WITH "REAL PEOPLE, 690 00:39:29,701 --> 00:39:32,398 TALKING AND SAYING WHAT THEY THINK," 691 00:39:32,437 --> 00:39:36,033 SHE SENT HIM A NEW CORONA TYPEWRITER. 692 00:39:36,074 --> 00:39:38,543 FROM THE FIRST, SHE SEEMED TO UNDERSTAND 693 00:39:38,576 --> 00:39:40,602 WHAT HE WAS TRYING TO DO. 694 00:39:40,645 --> 00:39:43,945 SHE LOVED IT THAT HIS STYLE "ELIMINATED EVERYTHING 695 00:39:43,982 --> 00:39:47,919 EXCEPT WHAT IS NECESSARY AND STRENGTHENING"... 696 00:39:51,122 --> 00:39:53,523 BUT AS THEIR WEDDING DAY APPROACHED, 697 00:39:53,558 --> 00:39:57,996 ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION AGAIN ENVELOPED HIM. 698 00:39:58,029 --> 00:40:01,056 HE LOST WEIGHT, WORRIED THAT MARRIED LIFE 699 00:40:01,099 --> 00:40:03,728 MIGHT NOT BE FOR HIM AFTER ALL 700 00:40:03,768 --> 00:40:07,603 OR THAT HADLEY WOULD BETRAY HIM THE WAY AGNES HAD. 701 00:40:07,639 --> 00:40:10,507 HE GREW DARKER AND DARKER. 702 00:40:10,541 --> 00:40:16,640 HE HINTED TO HADLEY THAT HE WAS CONSIDERING SUICIDE. 703 00:40:16,681 --> 00:40:18,792 WOMAN, AS RICHARDSON: I KNOW HOW IT FEELS 'CAUSE I HAVE 704 00:40:18,816 --> 00:40:22,719 SO VERY MANY TIMES WANTED TO GO AND COULDN'T 705 00:40:22,754 --> 00:40:26,418 ON ACCOUNT OF THE MESS I'D LEAVE SOME OTHER PEOPLE IN, 706 00:40:26,457 --> 00:40:31,452 BUT REMEMBER IT WOULD KILL ME TO ALL INTENTS AND PURPOSES. 707 00:40:31,496 --> 00:40:36,161 DON'T EVER GET CONFUSED WHEN SUCH A MOMENT COMES. 708 00:40:36,200 --> 00:40:38,032 YOU GOTTA LIVE... 709 00:40:38,069 --> 00:40:42,439 FIRST FOR YOU AND THEN FOR MY HAPPINESS. 710 00:40:42,473 --> 00:40:46,672 YOU MUSTN'T FEEL SO HORRIBLY, UNWORTHY DEAR ERN. 711 00:40:46,711 --> 00:40:49,806 I'M ARRIVING SATURDAY TO LOVE YOU CLOSER. 712 00:40:52,116 --> 00:40:56,611 ON SATURDAY AFTERNOON, SEPTEMBER 3, 1921, 713 00:40:56,654 --> 00:40:59,818 IN A METHODIST CHURCH NOT FAR FROM THE FAMILY COTTAGE 714 00:40:59,857 --> 00:41:02,884 ON WALLOON LAKE, HADLEY RICHARDSON 715 00:41:02,927 --> 00:41:08,696 BECAME MRS. ERNEST HEMINGWAY. 716 00:41:08,733 --> 00:41:16,733 ♪ 717 00:41:23,614 --> 00:41:26,243 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: JANUARY 1922. 718 00:41:26,484 --> 00:41:28,953 DEAR FAMILY, HASH JUST CAME IN 719 00:41:28,987 --> 00:41:31,183 AND SAYS TO SEND LOTS OF LOVE TO YOU 720 00:41:31,222 --> 00:41:33,589 AND TELL YOU ABOUT OUR APARTMENT. 721 00:41:33,624 --> 00:41:37,117 IT IS AT 74 RUE DU CARDINAL LEMOINE 722 00:41:37,161 --> 00:41:40,620 AND IS THE JOLLIEST PLACE YOU EVER SAW. 723 00:41:40,665 --> 00:41:43,931 WE RENTED IT FURNISHED FOR 250 FRANCS A MONTH, 724 00:41:43,968 --> 00:41:45,732 ABOUT $18. 725 00:41:45,770 --> 00:41:48,604 IT IS THE MOST COMFORTABLE AND CHEAPEST WAY TO LIVE, 726 00:41:48,639 --> 00:41:51,234 AND HASH HAS A PIANO, AND WE HAVE ALL OUR PICTURES 727 00:41:51,275 --> 00:41:54,837 UP ON THE WALLS AND AN OPEN FIREPLACE. 728 00:41:54,879 --> 00:41:56,745 IT IS ON TOP OF A HIGH HILL 729 00:41:56,781 --> 00:42:00,013 IN THE VERY OLDEST PART OF PARIS. 730 00:42:00,051 --> 00:42:03,112 THE NEWLY-WED HEMINGWAYS' FIRST REAL HOME 731 00:42:03,154 --> 00:42:06,784 WAS A FOURTH-FLOOR WALKUP IN THE LATIN QUARTER. 732 00:42:06,824 --> 00:42:09,157 EACH EVENING, ACCORDION MUSIC DRIFTED UP 733 00:42:09,193 --> 00:42:12,595 FROM THE WORKING-MAN'S DANCE-HALL NEXT DOOR. 734 00:42:12,630 --> 00:42:15,065 HIS FRIEND AND MENTOR SHERWOOD ANDERSON 735 00:42:15,099 --> 00:42:18,228 HAD PERSUADED ERNEST THAT FOR A YOUNG WRITER 736 00:42:18,269 --> 00:42:20,932 PARIS WAS THE PLACE TO BE. 737 00:42:20,972 --> 00:42:24,568 ONE COULD LIVE CHEAPLY THERE, AND THE LEFT BANK TEEMED 738 00:42:24,609 --> 00:42:28,808 WITH REVOLUTIONARY ARTISTS AND WRITERS FROM EVERYWHERE... 739 00:42:28,846 --> 00:42:32,248 PABLO PICASSO AND JOAN MIRÓ; 740 00:42:32,283 --> 00:42:35,685 IGOR STRAVINSKY AND ERIK SATIE; 741 00:42:35,720 --> 00:42:40,215 JAMES JOYCE AND GERTRUDE STEIN, WHO REMEMBERED PARIS 742 00:42:40,258 --> 00:42:45,754 AS "THE PLACE WHERE THE 20th CENTURY WAS." 743 00:42:45,797 --> 00:42:49,825 ERNEST WAS JUST 22 YEARS OLD, WORKING AS A CORRESPONDENT 744 00:42:49,867 --> 00:42:51,733 FOR THE "TORONTO STAR," 745 00:42:51,769 --> 00:42:54,830 OTHERWISE UNPUBLISHED AND UNKNOWN, 746 00:42:54,872 --> 00:42:57,933 BUT SHERWOOD ANDERSON HAD WRITTEN LETTERS OF INTRODUCTION 747 00:42:57,975 --> 00:43:02,071 TO 3 INFLUENTIAL FRIENDS, GENEROUSLY DESCRIBING HIM 748 00:43:02,113 --> 00:43:04,776 AS A "QUITE WONDERFUL NEWSPAPERMAN" 749 00:43:04,816 --> 00:43:08,309 WHOSE "EXTRAORDINARY TALENT" WAS SURE TO TAKE HIM 750 00:43:08,352 --> 00:43:11,720 FAR BEYOND JOURNALISM. 751 00:43:11,756 --> 00:43:13,190 HE'S TALL. 752 00:43:13,224 --> 00:43:15,352 HE IS AS HANDSOME AS A MOVIE STAR. 753 00:43:15,593 --> 00:43:17,789 HE HAS DIMPLES. 754 00:43:17,829 --> 00:43:22,062 HE HAS A SWASHBUCKLING QUALITY TO HIM, 755 00:43:22,100 --> 00:43:24,763 BUT HE HAS THIS KIND OF MIDWESTERN SWEETNESS 756 00:43:24,802 --> 00:43:26,361 AT THE SAME TIME. 757 00:43:26,604 --> 00:43:28,698 THE FACT IS THAT IF HE WOULD WALK INTO A ROOM 758 00:43:28,739 --> 00:43:32,005 PEOPLE LOVED HIM THE MINUTE THEY SAW HIM, 759 00:43:32,043 --> 00:43:34,035 AND THAT GIVES YOU A KIND OF CONFIDENCE 760 00:43:34,078 --> 00:43:37,344 THAT YOU CAN DO ANYTHING. 761 00:43:37,381 --> 00:43:39,646 SHERWOOD ANDERSON'S FRIENDS DID 762 00:43:39,684 --> 00:43:41,846 WHAT THEY COULD FOR THE NEWCOMER. 763 00:43:41,886 --> 00:43:45,880 THE FIRST WAS THE AMERICAN EXPATRIATE POET EZRA POUND. 764 00:43:45,923 --> 00:43:49,257 HE WAS WELL-CONNECTED IN AVANT-GARDE LITERARY CIRCLES 765 00:43:49,293 --> 00:43:53,993 AND TALKED ERNEST UP TO EVERY MAGAZINE EDITOR HE KNEW. 766 00:43:54,031 --> 00:43:57,229 GERTRUDE STEIN PRESIDED OVER A SALON AT THE HOME 767 00:43:57,268 --> 00:44:01,103 SHE SHARED WITH HER PARTNER ALICE B. TOKLAS. 768 00:44:01,139 --> 00:44:03,836 ART COLLECTOR, AVANT-GARDE WRITER, 769 00:44:03,875 --> 00:44:06,868 CHAMPION OF MODERNISM IN ALL ITS FORMS, 770 00:44:06,911 --> 00:44:08,903 SHE TOOK A LIKING TO THE HANDSOME, 771 00:44:08,946 --> 00:44:11,245 EAGER YOUNG VISITOR WITH WHAT SHE REMEMBERED 772 00:44:11,282 --> 00:44:16,311 AS "DARK LUMINOUS EYES" AND "A FLASHING SMILE." 773 00:44:16,354 --> 00:44:19,381 SHE LIKED HIS TERSE, DECLARATIVE STYLE, TOO, 774 00:44:19,423 --> 00:44:23,326 AND OFFERED ENCOURAGEMENT AND USEFUL ADVICE. 775 00:44:23,361 --> 00:44:26,889 "MISS STEIN HAD DISCOVERED MANY TRUTHS ABOUT RHYTHMS 776 00:44:26,931 --> 00:44:29,366 AND THE USES OF WORDS IN REPETITION," 777 00:44:29,400 --> 00:44:32,302 HEMINGWAY REMEMBERED, THAT ECHOED THE COUNTERPOINT 778 00:44:32,336 --> 00:44:37,775 HE'D FIRST ENCOUNTERED IN THE MUSIC OF BACH. 779 00:44:37,808 --> 00:44:42,872 STEIN ALSO INTRODUCED HIM TO THE WORLD OF MODERN ART. 780 00:44:42,914 --> 00:44:46,180 HE WAS ESPECIALLY DRAWN TO THE WORK OF PAUL CÉZANNE, 781 00:44:46,217 --> 00:44:50,018 WHO PAINTED THE SAME SUBJECTS OVER AND OVER AGAIN, 782 00:44:50,054 --> 00:44:52,717 BUILDING UP EACH IMAGE FROM THOUSANDS 783 00:44:52,757 --> 00:44:55,852 OF REPETITIVE BRUSH STROKES. 784 00:44:55,893 --> 00:44:58,863 CÉZANNE... HE'S TRYING TO BREAK DOWN 785 00:44:58,896 --> 00:45:00,762 NORMAL HABITS OF SEEING, 786 00:45:00,798 --> 00:45:03,859 AND I THINK THAT'S WHAT HEMINGWAY LIKED. 787 00:45:03,901 --> 00:45:10,000 THE GREAT ENEMY FOR HEMINGWAY IS BOREDOM AND ROUTINE 788 00:45:10,041 --> 00:45:13,170 AND ANYTHING ACCUSTOMED, 789 00:45:13,211 --> 00:45:17,239 AND I THINK HE SAW IN CÉZANNE A MODEL FOR TAKING 790 00:45:17,281 --> 00:45:19,011 THE SAME THING OVER AND OVER, 791 00:45:19,050 --> 00:45:20,484 LANDSCAPE, LANDSCAPE, LANDSCAPE, 792 00:45:20,718 --> 00:45:22,448 THE SAME MOUNTAIN, THE SAME MOUNTAIN, 793 00:45:22,486 --> 00:45:26,116 AND RENDERING IT NEW 794 00:45:26,157 --> 00:45:28,922 BY LOOKING AT IT IN DIFFERENT WAYS, 795 00:45:28,960 --> 00:45:32,294 AND I THINK THAT'S THE MODEL FOR HIM. 796 00:45:32,330 --> 00:45:35,858 SYLVIA BEACH BECAME HEMINGWAY'S FRIEND, TOO. 797 00:45:35,900 --> 00:45:37,835 SHE RAN SHAKESPEARE AND COMPANY, 798 00:45:37,868 --> 00:45:42,829 A BOOKSTORE AND LENDING LIBRARY, AT 12 RUE DE L'ODEON. 799 00:45:42,873 --> 00:45:44,739 HE CAME INTO MY SHOP, 800 00:45:44,775 --> 00:45:47,939 AND HE HAD AN INTRODUCTION FROM SHERWOOD ANDERSON, 801 00:45:47,979 --> 00:45:49,777 BUT HE DIDN'T GIVE THAT. 802 00:45:49,814 --> 00:45:51,291 HE'D FORGOTTEN TO BRING IT, AND HE DIDN'T NEED IT 803 00:45:51,315 --> 00:45:53,511 BECAUSE I THOUGHT HE WAS SO INTERESTING, 804 00:45:53,751 --> 00:45:57,882 AND HE SAID, "WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE MY WOUNDS?" 805 00:45:57,922 --> 00:45:59,220 AND I SAID, "YES, INDEED," 806 00:45:59,257 --> 00:46:01,954 AND HE TOOK OFF HIS SHOE AND HIS SOCK 807 00:46:01,993 --> 00:46:03,962 AND SHOWED ME ALL THESE DREADFUL SCARS 808 00:46:03,995 --> 00:46:06,123 ON HIS LEG AND FOOT, 809 00:46:06,163 --> 00:46:09,861 AND THEN WE BECAME GREAT FRIENDS. 810 00:46:09,900 --> 00:46:11,766 SHAKESPEARE AND COMPANY WAS 811 00:46:11,802 --> 00:46:15,170 A GATHERING PLACE FOR EXPATRIATE ARTISTS AND WRITERS. 812 00:46:15,206 --> 00:46:17,141 HEMINGWAY CHARMED THEM ALL, 813 00:46:17,174 --> 00:46:20,975 INCLUDING THE IRISH WRITER JAMES JOYCE, 814 00:46:21,012 --> 00:46:23,914 WHOSE DARINGLY EXPLICIT NOVEL "ULYSSES" 815 00:46:23,948 --> 00:46:27,407 SYLVIA BEACH HAD JUST PUBLISHED, 816 00:46:27,451 --> 00:46:30,216 AND HE SET OUT TO EDUCATE HIMSELF, 817 00:46:30,254 --> 00:46:34,487 BORROWING BOOKS FROM HER SHOP BY D.H. LAWRENCE, TURGENEV, 818 00:46:34,525 --> 00:46:39,020 DOSTOEVSKY, TOLSTOY. 819 00:46:39,063 --> 00:46:42,056 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: FEBRUARY 14, 1922. 820 00:46:42,099 --> 00:46:44,967 WE KNOW A GOOD BATCH OF PEOPLE NOW IN PARIS 821 00:46:45,002 --> 00:46:47,301 AND IF WE ALLOWED IT WOULD HAVE ALL OUR TIME 822 00:46:47,338 --> 00:46:50,467 TAKEN UP SOCIALLY, BUT I AM WORKING VERY HARD, 823 00:46:50,508 --> 00:46:54,206 AND WE KEEP PLENTY OF TIME TO OURSELVES. 824 00:46:54,245 --> 00:46:57,875 PARIS IS SO VERY BEAUTIFUL THAT IT SATISFIES SOMETHING 825 00:46:57,915 --> 00:47:00,942 IN YOU THAT IS ALWAYS HUNGRY IN AMERICA. 826 00:47:03,888 --> 00:47:05,413 FOR THE REST OF HIS LIFE, 827 00:47:05,456 --> 00:47:08,187 HEMINGWAY WOULD INSIST THAT HE AND HADLEY 828 00:47:08,225 --> 00:47:12,424 HAD BEEN VIRTUALLY PENNILESS WHEN THEY LIVED IN PARIS. 829 00:47:12,463 --> 00:47:14,227 THEY WERE NOT. 830 00:47:14,265 --> 00:47:18,202 BESIDES HIS SALARY, SHE HAD AN INHERITANCE. 831 00:47:18,235 --> 00:47:19,999 "WE ALWAYS HAD MONEY FOR ANYTHING 832 00:47:20,037 --> 00:47:22,939 WE REALLY WANTED TO DO," HADLEY REMEMBERED, 833 00:47:22,973 --> 00:47:27,206 "AND WE ALWAYS HAD MONEY FOR WHISKEY." 834 00:47:27,244 --> 00:47:29,577 THE FIRST YEAR OF THEIR MARRIAGE CONSTITUTED 835 00:47:29,613 --> 00:47:34,608 A SORT OF EXTENDED HONEYMOON... EXPLORING PARIS, TREKKING, 836 00:47:34,852 --> 00:47:40,314 FISHING, SKIING, BOBSLEDDING IN THE ALPS. 837 00:47:40,358 --> 00:47:42,293 ONE OF THE THINGS ABOUT HIM IS THAT 838 00:47:42,326 --> 00:47:44,989 HE'S COMMITTED TO TRAVEL. 839 00:47:45,029 --> 00:47:46,588 HE LIKES, I THINK, MORE THAN ANYTHING, 840 00:47:46,630 --> 00:47:50,590 TO BE A FOREIGNER, A STRANGER IN A STRANGE LAND. 841 00:47:50,634 --> 00:47:54,162 EVERYTHING IS HEIGHTENED, AND TASTE IS HEIGHTENED, 842 00:47:54,205 --> 00:47:58,643 VISION IS HEIGHTENED, SMELLS ARE HEIGHTENED. 843 00:47:58,876 --> 00:48:01,869 HEMINGWAY WROTE ABOUT EVERYTHING... 844 00:48:01,912 --> 00:48:04,939 PARIS NIGHTLIFE AND GERMAN MANNERS, 845 00:48:04,982 --> 00:48:09,317 FASCISM AND COMMUNISM AND WOMEN'S HATS... 846 00:48:09,353 --> 00:48:13,518 ALWAYS WITH A WEARY, INSIDER'S TONE REMARKABLE 847 00:48:13,557 --> 00:48:17,426 FOR A YOUNG MAN IN HIS EARLY TWENTIES, 848 00:48:17,461 --> 00:48:19,589 AND WHENEVER HE COULD FIND THE TIME, 849 00:48:19,630 --> 00:48:22,156 HE WORKED ON SHORT STORIES AND THE NOVEL 850 00:48:22,199 --> 00:48:25,328 HE HAD BEGUN IN CHICAGO. 851 00:48:25,369 --> 00:48:29,397 SOMETIMES, HE TOOK HADLEY ALONG ON ASSIGNMENT FOR THE "STAR"... 852 00:48:29,440 --> 00:48:31,272 TO ITALY, WHERE HE SHOWED HER THE PLACE 853 00:48:31,308 --> 00:48:33,243 WHERE HE'D BEEN WOUNDED, 854 00:48:33,277 --> 00:48:36,111 TO THE BLACK FOREST FOR TROUT FISHING, 855 00:48:36,147 --> 00:48:38,378 ABOARD A PIONEERING PASSENGER FLIGHT 856 00:48:38,416 --> 00:48:41,477 FROM PARIS TO STRASBOURG... 857 00:48:41,519 --> 00:48:44,216 BUT MORE OFTEN, HE TRAVELED ALONE, 858 00:48:44,255 --> 00:48:47,020 GETTING TO KNOW HIS FELLOW REPORTERS, 859 00:48:47,057 --> 00:48:51,085 COVERING AN INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC CONFERENCE AT GENOA, 860 00:48:51,128 --> 00:48:54,098 RIOTS IN COLOGNE, 861 00:48:54,131 --> 00:48:57,624 AND IN THE AUTUMN OF 1922, OPEN WARFARE 862 00:48:57,668 --> 00:49:02,197 BETWEEN GREECE AND TURKEY THAT SEEMED FOR A TIME 863 00:49:02,239 --> 00:49:07,177 TO THREATEN A NEW WORLD WAR. 864 00:49:07,211 --> 00:49:10,010 HE STOOD AND WATCHED AS A 20-MILE COLUMN 865 00:49:10,047 --> 00:49:13,211 OF GREEK REFUGEES PASSED SLOWLY BY 866 00:49:13,250 --> 00:49:18,018 IN FLIGHT FROM THE TURKISH ARMY. 867 00:49:18,055 --> 00:49:20,456 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: IT IS A SILENT PROCESSION. 868 00:49:20,491 --> 00:49:22,392 NOBODY EVEN GRUNTS. 869 00:49:22,426 --> 00:49:25,988 IT IS ALL THEY CAN DO TO KEEP MOVING. 870 00:49:26,030 --> 00:49:29,364 THEIR BRILLIANT PEASANT COSTUMES ARE SOAKED AND DRAGGLED. 871 00:49:29,400 --> 00:49:33,360 CHICKENS DANGLE BY THEIR FEET FROM THE CARTS. 872 00:49:33,404 --> 00:49:36,033 AN OLD MAN MARCHES UNDER A YOUNG PIG, 873 00:49:36,073 --> 00:49:38,633 A SCYTHE AND A GUN, WITH A CHICKEN TIED 874 00:49:38,676 --> 00:49:40,611 TO HIS SCYTHE. 875 00:49:40,644 --> 00:49:43,637 A HUSBAND SPREADS A BLANKET OVER A WOMAN IN LABOR 876 00:49:43,681 --> 00:49:47,345 IN ONE OF THE CARTS TO KEEP OFF THE DRIVING RAIN. 877 00:49:47,384 --> 00:49:51,116 SHE IS THE ONLY PERSON MAKING A SOUND. 878 00:49:51,155 --> 00:49:53,351 HER LITTLE DAUGHTER LOOKS AT HER IN HORROR 879 00:49:53,390 --> 00:49:56,053 AND BEGINS TO CRY. 880 00:49:56,093 --> 00:49:58,392 AND THE PROCESSION KEEPS MOVING. 881 00:50:01,599 --> 00:50:04,398 LATER, HEMINGWAY JOINED OTHER REPORTERS 882 00:50:04,435 --> 00:50:08,031 AT LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND, WHERE EUROPEAN STATESMEN 883 00:50:08,072 --> 00:50:11,474 WERE TRYING TO STOP THE FIGHTING. 884 00:50:11,509 --> 00:50:14,069 ONE OF THE REPORTERS WITH WHOM HEMINGWAY DRANK 885 00:50:14,111 --> 00:50:18,412 EACH EVENING WAS THE VETERAN CORRESPONDENT LINCOLN STEFFENS. 886 00:50:18,449 --> 00:50:21,351 STEFFENS WAS IMPRESSED BY THE PIECE ERNEST HAD WRITTEN 887 00:50:21,385 --> 00:50:24,549 ABOUT THE GREEK REFUGEES AND ASKED IF HE COULD SEE 888 00:50:24,588 --> 00:50:27,387 MORE OF THE YOUNG MAN'S WRITING. 889 00:50:27,424 --> 00:50:30,792 SO WHEN ERNEST ASKED HADLEY TO JOIN HIM IN SWITZERLAND, 890 00:50:31,028 --> 00:50:34,658 SHE DECIDED TO BRING ALONG HIS WORK. 891 00:50:34,698 --> 00:50:38,726 ON DECEMBER 2, 1922, SHE PACKED INTO A VALISE 892 00:50:38,769 --> 00:50:41,432 ALL THE MANUSCRIPTS SHE COULD FIND AND TOOK 893 00:50:41,472 --> 00:50:44,738 A TAXI TO THE GARE DE LYON. 894 00:50:44,775 --> 00:50:48,268 A PORTER CARRIED THE VALISE ONTO A TRAIN. 895 00:50:48,312 --> 00:50:51,646 WHEN SHE GOT TO HER COMPARTMENT, IT WASN'T THERE. 896 00:50:55,686 --> 00:50:59,714 THE FIRST CHAPTERS OF HIS NOVEL WERE LOST. 897 00:50:59,757 --> 00:51:03,524 SO WERE SEVERAL SHORT STORIES. 898 00:51:03,561 --> 00:51:05,757 HADLEY WEPT ALL THE WAY TO LAUSANNE 899 00:51:05,796 --> 00:51:08,698 AND WHEN SHE GOT THERE COULD BARELY BRING HERSELF 900 00:51:08,732 --> 00:51:13,830 TO TELL HER HUSBAND WHAT HAD HAPPENED. 901 00:51:14,071 --> 00:51:15,649 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: SHE HAD CRIED AND CRIED 902 00:51:15,673 --> 00:51:17,574 AND COULD NOT TELL ME. 903 00:51:17,608 --> 00:51:20,168 I TOLD HER THAT NO MATTER WHAT THE DREADFUL THING WAS 904 00:51:20,210 --> 00:51:23,647 THAT HAD HAPPENED NOTHING COULD BE THAT BAD, 905 00:51:23,681 --> 00:51:26,583 AND WHATEVER IT WAS, IT WAS ALL RIGHT 906 00:51:26,617 --> 00:51:28,313 AND NOT TO WORRY. 907 00:51:28,352 --> 00:51:30,378 WE WOULD WORK IT OUT. 908 00:51:32,556 --> 00:51:35,492 BUT THEY DID NOT REALLY WORK IT OUT. 909 00:51:35,526 --> 00:51:37,222 HEMINGWAY WAS ANGRY. 910 00:51:37,261 --> 00:51:39,526 HE'D LOST, HE CLAIMED TO A FRIEND, 911 00:51:39,563 --> 00:51:42,761 "EVERYTHING I'VE DONE FOR TWO YEARS." 912 00:51:42,800 --> 00:51:45,463 HE WOULD HAVE TO START ALL OVER AGAIN, 913 00:51:45,502 --> 00:51:48,836 THOUGH IN FACT, SOME WRITING SURVIVED. 914 00:51:48,872 --> 00:51:51,432 HE WAS FURTHER SHAKEN SEVERAL WEEKS LATER 915 00:51:51,475 --> 00:51:54,206 WHEN HADLEY TOLD HIM SHE WAS PREGNANT. 916 00:51:54,244 --> 00:51:56,509 HE WAS JUST 23. 917 00:51:56,547 --> 00:52:00,712 "I AM TOO YOUNG TO BE A FATHER," HE TOLD GERTRUDE STEIN, 918 00:52:00,751 --> 00:52:05,155 AND HE SAID IT, SHE REMEMBERED "WITH REAL BITTERNESS." 919 00:52:11,428 --> 00:52:14,330 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: I WAS TRYING TO LEARN TO WRITE, 920 00:52:14,365 --> 00:52:16,800 COMMENCING WITH THE SIMPLEST THINGS, 921 00:52:16,834 --> 00:52:18,860 AND ONE OF THE SIMPLEST THINGS OF ALL 922 00:52:18,902 --> 00:52:22,896 AND THE MOST FUNDAMENTAL IS VIOLENT DEATH, 923 00:52:23,140 --> 00:52:25,666 SO I WENT TO SPAIN TO SEE BULLFIGHTS 924 00:52:25,709 --> 00:52:28,804 AND TO TRY TO WRITE ABOUT THEM FOR MYSELF. 925 00:52:32,416 --> 00:52:37,150 I THOUGHT THEY WOULD BE SIMPLE AND BARBAROUS AND CRUEL 926 00:52:37,187 --> 00:52:39,383 AND THAT I WOULD NOT LIKE THEM, 927 00:52:39,423 --> 00:52:42,359 BUT THAT I WOULD SEE CERTAIN DEFINITE ACTION 928 00:52:42,393 --> 00:52:45,192 WHICH WOULD GIVE ME THE FEELING OF LIFE AND DEATH 929 00:52:45,229 --> 00:52:48,358 THAT I WAS WORKING FOR. 930 00:52:48,399 --> 00:52:51,369 HE TALKED ABOUT SEEING HIS FIRST BULL. 931 00:52:51,402 --> 00:52:52,700 HE HAD A FRONT-ROW SEAT. 932 00:52:52,736 --> 00:52:55,262 HE COULD SEE THE BULL VERY WELL, 933 00:52:55,305 --> 00:52:57,638 AND HE SAID HE WAS STRUCK BY THE POWER OF IT 934 00:52:57,675 --> 00:53:00,372 AND THE SIZE OF IT, 935 00:53:00,411 --> 00:53:03,813 THIS NATURAL STRENGTH OF IT. 936 00:53:03,847 --> 00:53:06,749 I THINK MAYBE SOME OF THAT SPOKE TO HIM BECAUSE 937 00:53:06,784 --> 00:53:08,810 HE HAD POWER AND NATURAL STRENGTH, 938 00:53:08,852 --> 00:53:12,254 AND HE WAS A FORCE OF NATURE, TOO, 939 00:53:12,289 --> 00:53:16,784 AND THAT'S WHAT AN ARTIST DOES WITH HIS SUBJECT MATTER. 940 00:53:16,827 --> 00:53:18,887 WITH YOUR STRENGTH, WITH YOUR WILL, 941 00:53:18,929 --> 00:53:21,728 WITH YOUR SKILLS, YOU GO IN, 942 00:53:21,765 --> 00:53:23,757 AND YOU CONTROL THE SUBJECT MATTER, 943 00:53:23,801 --> 00:53:25,963 AND YOU MAKE SOMETHING BEAUTIFUL FROM IT. 944 00:53:28,939 --> 00:53:32,535 HEMINGWAY FELL IN LOVE WITH SPAIN. 945 00:53:32,576 --> 00:53:35,273 HE WAS SURE, HE WROTE, THAT BULLFIGHTING 946 00:53:35,312 --> 00:53:38,612 "WILL MAKE FINE STORIES SOMEDAY. 947 00:53:38,649 --> 00:53:41,847 "IT'S JUST LIKE HAVING A RINGSIDE SEAT AT THE WAR 948 00:53:41,885 --> 00:53:45,287 WITH NOTHING GOING TO HAPPEN TO YOU." 949 00:53:45,322 --> 00:53:47,814 HADLEY REMEMBERED SITTING IN THE STANDS, 950 00:53:47,858 --> 00:53:49,759 STITCHING BABY CLOTHES, 951 00:53:49,793 --> 00:53:54,458 "EMBROIDERING IN THE PRESENCE OF ALL THAT BRUTALITY." 952 00:53:58,268 --> 00:53:59,668 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: TORONTO, CANADA, 953 00:53:59,703 --> 00:54:03,435 NOVEMBER 7, 1923. 954 00:54:03,474 --> 00:54:07,502 THE BABY HAS TAKEN TO SQUALLING AND IS A FINE NUISANCE. 955 00:54:07,544 --> 00:54:09,376 I SUPPOSE HE WILL YELL HIS HEAD OFF 956 00:54:09,413 --> 00:54:11,507 FOR THE NEXT 2 OR 3 YEARS. 957 00:54:11,548 --> 00:54:14,518 IT SEEMS HIS ONLY FORM OF ENTERTAINMENT. 958 00:54:14,551 --> 00:54:18,010 NO ONE GETS AS MUCH PLEASURE OUT OF IT AS HE DOES. 959 00:54:18,255 --> 00:54:21,248 JOHN HADLEY NICANOR HEMINGWAY WAS BORN 960 00:54:21,291 --> 00:54:26,662 IN TORONTO ON OCTOBER 10, 1923. 961 00:54:26,697 --> 00:54:29,633 "NICANOR" WAS IN HONOR OF A SPANISH BULLFIGHTER 962 00:54:29,666 --> 00:54:32,761 HEMINGWAY ESPECIALLY ADMIRED. 963 00:54:32,803 --> 00:54:35,398 HADLEY NICKNAMED THE BABY "BUMBY" 964 00:54:35,439 --> 00:54:38,307 BECAUSE, SHE SAID, "OF THE ROUND, SOLID FEEL 965 00:54:38,342 --> 00:54:41,335 OF HIM," IN HER ARMS. 966 00:54:41,378 --> 00:54:43,472 THE HEMINGWAYS HAD COME BACK TO NORTH AMERICA 967 00:54:43,514 --> 00:54:45,540 EARLIER THAT YEAR. 968 00:54:45,582 --> 00:54:47,847 ERNEST THOUGHT HE SHOULD HAVE A STEADY JOB 969 00:54:47,885 --> 00:54:50,548 AT LEAST FOR THE BABY'S FIRST YEAR, 970 00:54:50,587 --> 00:54:52,749 AND THE "TORONTO STAR" WAS EAGER TO HAVE 971 00:54:52,790 --> 00:54:57,057 THEIR TALENTED CORRESPONDENT BACK IN THE HOME OFFICE, 972 00:54:57,294 --> 00:54:59,661 BUT HE CAME TO HATE HIS EDITOR, 973 00:54:59,696 --> 00:55:02,996 LOATHED THE CUB REPORTER ASSIGNMENTS HE WAS GIVEN, 974 00:55:03,033 --> 00:55:06,367 COULD FIND NO TIME TO WRITE FOR HIMSELF, 975 00:55:06,403 --> 00:55:09,965 AND LONGED FOR PARIS, WHERE, HE TOLD HIS SISTER, 976 00:55:10,007 --> 00:55:13,739 "THERE ARE FEW BATH TUBS, NO ELECTRIC FIXTURES, 977 00:55:13,777 --> 00:55:17,805 "BUT VERY NEARLY ALL THE CHARM, ALL THE GOOD FOOD, 978 00:55:17,848 --> 00:55:21,546 AND MOST OF THE GOOD PEOPLE IN THE WORLD." 979 00:55:24,087 --> 00:55:28,457 IN FEBRUARY, 1924, AFTER LESS THAN 4 MONTHS, 980 00:55:28,492 --> 00:55:32,793 THEY RETURNED TO PARIS AND MOVED INTO A SECOND-FLOOR APARTMENT 981 00:55:32,830 --> 00:55:39,430 ABOVE A NOISY SAWMILL AT 113 RUE NOTRE-DAME-DES-CHAMPS. 982 00:55:39,469 --> 00:55:42,962 "WE LIVED AS SAVAGES AND KEPT OUR OWN TRIBAL RULES," 983 00:55:43,006 --> 00:55:46,101 HEMINGWAY WROTE, "AND HAD OUR OWN CUSTOMS 984 00:55:46,343 --> 00:55:51,714 AND OUR OWN STANDARDS, SECRETS, TABOOS, AND DELIGHTS." 985 00:55:51,748 --> 00:55:55,913 HADLEY CUT HER HAIR SHORT, AND HE GREW HIS LONG 986 00:55:55,953 --> 00:55:58,445 UNTIL THEY MATCHED. 987 00:56:00,958 --> 00:56:04,417 ERNEST HAD ALSO DECIDED TO ABANDON JOURNALISM 988 00:56:04,461 --> 00:56:08,125 IN ORDER TO DO THE KIND OF WRITING HE WANTED TO DO. 989 00:56:10,767 --> 00:56:13,931 "IN NEWSPAPER WORK," HE WOULD EVENTUALLY EXPLAIN, 990 00:56:13,971 --> 00:56:17,373 "YOU HAVE TO LEARN TO FORGET EVERY DAY WHAT HAPPENED 991 00:56:17,407 --> 00:56:18,966 "THE DAY BEFORE. 992 00:56:19,009 --> 00:56:22,036 "NEWSPAPER WORK IS VALUABLE UP UNTIL THE POINT 993 00:56:22,079 --> 00:56:26,540 THAT IT FORCIBLY BEGINS TO DESTROY YOUR MEMORY." 994 00:56:26,583 --> 00:56:28,518 WHAT DID HE SAY ONCE? 995 00:56:28,552 --> 00:56:32,717 A WRITER MUST COME TO HIS WORK LIKE A PRIEST TO THE ALTAR, 996 00:56:32,756 --> 00:56:34,657 AND HE HAD THAT SENSE OF THE SACRED 997 00:56:34,691 --> 00:56:36,159 ABOUT HIS VOCATION. 998 00:56:36,393 --> 00:56:38,794 HE REALLY DID. HE WENT TO WORK, 999 00:56:38,829 --> 00:56:41,697 AND I WOULD SAY THE COURAGE THAT HE SHOWED IN THE WAR 1000 00:56:41,732 --> 00:56:43,530 DOESN'T COMPARE TO ME TO THE COURAGE 1001 00:56:43,567 --> 00:56:45,900 HE SHOWED IN HIS WRITING LIFE. 1002 00:56:48,071 --> 00:56:50,165 WITH THE HELP OF SYMPATHETIC FRIENDS, 1003 00:56:50,407 --> 00:56:53,605 HEMINGWAY WOULD PUBLISH TWO SLENDER BOOKS, 1004 00:56:53,644 --> 00:56:57,809 "THREE STORIES and TEN POEMS" AND "IN OUR TIME". 1005 00:56:57,848 --> 00:56:59,749 THEY MEANT THE WORLD TO HEMINGWAY, 1006 00:56:59,783 --> 00:57:03,151 BUT ONLY A VERY FEW COPIES WERE PRINTED. 1007 00:57:03,186 --> 00:57:07,783 HEMINGWAY'S PARENTS ORDERED 6 COPIES OF "IN OUR TIME." 1008 00:57:07,824 --> 00:57:10,953 HIS SISTER REMEMBERED THAT WHEN HIS FATHER READ A STORY 1009 00:57:10,994 --> 00:57:13,088 ABOUT A WAR VETERAN, WHO HAS BEEN JILTED 1010 00:57:13,130 --> 00:57:16,726 BY A NURSE NAMED AG AND CONTRACTS GONORRHEA 1011 00:57:16,767 --> 00:57:19,703 FROM A SALESGIRL, HE WROTE TO HIS SON 1012 00:57:19,736 --> 00:57:21,898 THAT THE BOOK WAS FILTH. 1013 00:57:21,939 --> 00:57:25,103 NO GENTLEMAN EVER MENTIONED A VENEREAL DISEASE 1014 00:57:25,142 --> 00:57:28,135 OUTSIDE A DOCTOR'S OFFICE. 1015 00:57:28,178 --> 00:57:31,876 HIS MOTHER HAD HOPED HE MIGHT BECOME AN ARTIST 1016 00:57:31,915 --> 00:57:35,909 BUT NOT THIS KIND. 1017 00:57:35,953 --> 00:57:40,015 ANOTHER STORY WAS SO DARING, THAT EVEN GERTRUDE STEIN 1018 00:57:40,057 --> 00:57:44,620 HAD TOLD HEMINGWAY IT WAS TOO OBSCENE TO BE PUBLISHED. 1019 00:57:44,661 --> 00:57:49,759 IT WAS CALLED "UP IN MICHIGAN." 1020 00:57:49,800 --> 00:57:51,462 I THINK "UP IN MICHIGAN" 1021 00:57:51,501 --> 00:57:54,835 IS VERY IMPORTANT BECAUSE, FIRST OF ALL, 1022 00:57:54,871 --> 00:57:57,739 HE IS SAYING THERE ARE NO BOUNDARIES. 1023 00:57:57,774 --> 00:58:00,710 "I'M GOING TO WRITE WITH NO BOUNDARIES, NO RESTRICTIONS. 1024 00:58:00,744 --> 00:58:03,805 "I'M NOT GOING TO LISTEN TO YOU, POLITE WORLD. 1025 00:58:03,847 --> 00:58:06,715 "I'M GOING TO WHAT I THINK IS TRUE, 1026 00:58:06,750 --> 00:58:09,015 "BUT I'M GOING TO SEE IT FROM THE POINT OF VIEW 1027 00:58:09,052 --> 00:58:11,920 OF THE WOMAN." 1028 00:58:11,955 --> 00:58:14,925 LIZ COATES IS A TEEN-AGED GIRL WORKING 1029 00:58:14,958 --> 00:58:17,553 IN A BOARDING HOUSE IN THE TINY TOWN 1030 00:58:17,594 --> 00:58:19,563 OF HORTONS BAY. 1031 00:58:19,596 --> 00:58:22,191 AMONG THE BOARDERS IS A HANDSOME YOUNG BLACKSMITH 1032 00:58:22,232 --> 00:58:25,498 NAMED JIM GILMORE. 1033 00:58:25,535 --> 00:58:30,769 ONE EVENING, THEY GO DOWN TO THE DOCK. 1034 00:58:30,807 --> 00:58:33,971 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: "DON'T, JIM," LIZ SAID. 1035 00:58:34,011 --> 00:58:36,947 JIM SLID THE HAND FURTHER UP. 1036 00:58:36,980 --> 00:58:38,710 "YOU MUSTN'T, JIM. 1037 00:58:38,749 --> 00:58:40,911 YOU MUSTN'T." 1038 00:58:40,951 --> 00:58:43,045 NEITHER JIM NOR JIM'S BIG HAND PAID 1039 00:58:43,086 --> 00:58:44,918 ANY ATTENTION TO HER. 1040 00:58:44,955 --> 00:58:46,947 THE BOARDS WERE HARD. 1041 00:58:46,990 --> 00:58:48,925 JIM HAD HER DRESS UP AND WAS TRYING TO DO 1042 00:58:48,959 --> 00:58:51,087 SOMETHING TO HER. 1043 00:58:51,128 --> 00:58:53,757 SHE WAS FRIGHTENED, BUT SHE WANTED IT. 1044 00:58:53,797 --> 00:58:57,632 SHE HAD TO HAVE IT, BUT IT FRIGHTENED HER. 1045 00:58:57,667 --> 00:59:00,262 "YOU MUSTN'T DO IT, JIM. YOU MUSTN'T." 1046 00:59:00,303 --> 00:59:03,102 "I GOT TO. I'M GOING TO. 1047 00:59:03,140 --> 00:59:05,905 YOU KNOW WE GOT TO." 1048 00:59:05,942 --> 00:59:09,310 "NO WE HAVEN'T, JIM. WE AIN'T GOT TO. 1049 00:59:09,546 --> 00:59:11,037 "OH, IT ISN'T RIGHT. 1050 00:59:11,081 --> 00:59:13,778 "OH, IT'S SO BIG, AND IT HURTS SO. 1051 00:59:13,817 --> 00:59:15,285 "YOU CAN'T. 1052 00:59:15,318 --> 00:59:16,843 "OH, JIM. 1053 00:59:16,887 --> 00:59:19,652 JIM. OH." 1054 00:59:22,692 --> 00:59:28,256 I THINK MANY WOMEN FEEL, AND, INDEED, 1055 00:59:28,298 --> 00:59:36,001 UM, BROADCAST THE IDEA THAT HEMINGWAY HATED WOMEN 1056 00:59:36,039 --> 00:59:40,306 AND WROTE ADVERSELY ALWAYS ABOUT THEM. 1057 00:59:40,343 --> 00:59:42,869 THIS ISN'T TRUE. 1058 00:59:42,913 --> 00:59:45,178 "THE HEMLOCK PLANKS OF THE DOCK WERE HARD 1059 00:59:45,215 --> 00:59:47,616 "AND SPLINTERY AND COLD, 1060 00:59:47,651 --> 00:59:51,349 "AND JIM WAS HEAVY ON HER, AND HE HAD HURT HER. 1061 00:59:51,588 --> 00:59:53,022 "LIZ PUSHED HIM. 1062 00:59:53,056 --> 00:59:55,685 "SHE WAS SO UNCOMFORTABLE AND CRAMPED. 1063 00:59:55,725 --> 00:59:58,126 "JIM WAS ASLEEP. HE WOULDN'T MOVE. 1064 00:59:58,161 --> 01:00:00,630 "SHE WORKED OUT FROM UNDER HIM 1065 01:00:00,664 --> 01:00:04,658 "AND SAT UP AND STRAIGHTENED HER SKIRT AND COAT 1066 01:00:04,701 --> 01:00:08,069 "AND TRIED TO DO SOMETHING WITH HER HAIR. 1067 01:00:08,105 --> 01:00:11,269 "JIM WAS SLEEPING WITH HIS MOUTH A LITTLE OPEN. 1068 01:00:11,308 --> 01:00:14,710 "LIZ LEANED OVER AND KISSED HIM ON THE CHEEK. 1069 01:00:14,744 --> 01:00:16,212 "HE WAS STILL ASLEEP. 1070 01:00:16,246 --> 01:00:19,910 "SHE LIFTED HIS HEAD A LITTLE AND SHOOK IT. 1071 01:00:19,950 --> 01:00:22,613 "HE ROLLED HIS HEAD OVER AND SWALLOWED. 1072 01:00:22,652 --> 01:00:24,917 "LIZ STARTED TO CRY. 1073 01:00:24,955 --> 01:00:27,151 "SHE WALKED OVER TO THE EDGE OF THE DOCK 1074 01:00:27,190 --> 01:00:29,989 "AND LOOKED DOWN TO THE WATER. 1075 01:00:30,026 --> 01:00:32,894 "THERE WAS A MIST COMING UP FROM THE BAY. 1076 01:00:32,929 --> 01:00:40,029 SHE WAS COLD AND MISERABLE AND EVERYTHING FELT GONE." 1077 01:00:40,070 --> 01:00:45,668 NOW, I WOULD ASK, UM, HIS DETRACTORS, 1078 01:00:45,709 --> 01:00:49,908 FEMALE OR MALE, JUST TO READ THAT STORY, 1079 01:00:49,946 --> 01:00:55,078 AND COULD YOU IN ALL HONOR SAY THAT THIS WAS A WRITER 1080 01:00:55,118 --> 01:00:58,987 WHO DIDN'T UNDERSTAND WOMEN'S EMOTIONS 1081 01:00:59,022 --> 01:01:00,285 AND WHO HATED WOMEN? 1082 01:01:00,323 --> 01:01:03,259 YOU COULDN'T. NOBODY COULD. 1083 01:01:03,293 --> 01:01:05,956 THIS IS ABOUT DATE RAPE. 1084 01:01:05,996 --> 01:01:11,094 HE WAS DRILLING DOWN DEEPER INTO THOSE DARK SIDES OF US, 1085 01:01:11,134 --> 01:01:15,071 AND MANY PEOPLE DIDN'T WANT TO SEE THAT, 1086 01:01:15,105 --> 01:01:17,665 LIKE HIS PARENTS, LIKE MS. STEIN, 1087 01:01:17,707 --> 01:01:20,700 LIKE SO MANY OTHER PEOPLE. 1088 01:01:20,744 --> 01:01:23,714 HE WAS UNCONCERNED WITH THAT, 1089 01:01:23,747 --> 01:01:28,776 AND I THINK AT THE END THAT'S WHAT MAKES HIM AN ARTIST. 1090 01:01:28,818 --> 01:01:30,878 THE CRITIC EDMUND WILSON 1091 01:01:30,921 --> 01:01:33,288 PRAISED HEMINGWAY FOR WRITING PROSE 1092 01:01:33,323 --> 01:01:36,293 OF "THE FIRST DISTINCTION" AND FOR PROVIDING 1093 01:01:36,326 --> 01:01:39,057 "A HARROWING RECORD OF THE BARBARITIES 1094 01:01:39,095 --> 01:01:43,430 OF THE PERIOD IN WHICH WE LIVE." 1095 01:01:43,466 --> 01:01:46,197 FULL-TIME WRITING WASN'T EASY. 1096 01:01:46,236 --> 01:01:47,898 THE BABY CRIED. 1097 01:01:47,938 --> 01:01:51,136 FRIENDS DROPPED IN, DAY AND NIGHT. 1098 01:01:51,174 --> 01:01:53,871 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: SOMETIMES WHEN I WAS STARTING A NEW STORY 1099 01:01:53,910 --> 01:01:57,711 AND I COULD NOT GET IT GOING, I WOULD STAND AND LOOK OUT 1100 01:01:57,747 --> 01:02:02,082 OVER THE ROOFS OF PARIS AND THINK, "DO NOT WORRY. 1101 01:02:02,118 --> 01:02:07,113 "YOU HAVE ALWAYS WRITTEN BEFORE, AND YOU WILL WRITE NOW. 1102 01:02:07,157 --> 01:02:10,719 "ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS WRITE ONE TRUE SENTENCE. 1103 01:02:12,429 --> 01:02:16,799 WRITE THE TRUEST SENTENCE THAT YOU KNOW." 1104 01:02:16,833 --> 01:02:19,894 SO FINALLY I WOULD WRITE ONE TRUE SENTENCE 1105 01:02:19,936 --> 01:02:23,395 AND THEN GO ON FROM THERE. 1106 01:02:23,440 --> 01:02:26,933 IT WAS EASY THEN BECAUSE THERE WAS ALWAYS ONE TRUE SENTENCE 1107 01:02:26,977 --> 01:02:31,813 THAT YOU KNEW OR HAD SEEN OR HEARD SOMEONE SAY. 1108 01:02:31,848 --> 01:02:34,340 IF I STARTED TO WRITE ELABORATELY 1109 01:02:34,384 --> 01:02:37,877 OR LIKE SOMEONE INTRODUCING OR PRESENTING SOMETHING, 1110 01:02:37,921 --> 01:02:40,982 I FOUND THAT I COULD CUT THAT SCROLLWORK OR ORNAMENT OUT 1111 01:02:41,024 --> 01:02:43,994 AND THROW IT AWAY AND START WITH THE FIRST TRUE, 1112 01:02:44,027 --> 01:02:47,464 SIMPLE DECLARATIVE SENTENCE I HAD WRITTEN 1113 01:02:47,497 --> 01:02:51,093 AND THEN GO ON FROM THERE. 1114 01:02:51,134 --> 01:02:55,037 THE SHORT STORIES MEAN MORE TO ME NOW 1115 01:02:55,071 --> 01:02:57,540 BECAUSE IT IS A YOUNG MAN 1116 01:02:57,774 --> 01:03:01,370 AT THE BEGINNING OF HIS ADVENTURE. 1117 01:03:01,411 --> 01:03:05,041 HE'S HUNGRY, HE'S EXCITED, HIS OBSERVATIONS 1118 01:03:05,081 --> 01:03:08,176 ARE LIKE A HAWK. 1119 01:03:08,218 --> 01:03:10,346 HE'S FEELING EVERYTHING. 1120 01:03:10,387 --> 01:03:12,913 HE'S ANTICIPATING EVERYTHING. 1121 01:03:12,956 --> 01:03:17,052 HE'S TRYING TO MAKE EVERYTHING GO HIS WAY. 1122 01:03:17,093 --> 01:03:20,928 IT'S TERRIBLY EXCITING. 1123 01:03:20,964 --> 01:03:23,490 IF HE WERE A CAMERA, HE WOULD BE COMING IN 1124 01:03:23,533 --> 01:03:25,559 FOR EXTREME CLOSE-UP ALL THE TIME. 1125 01:03:25,802 --> 01:03:28,465 HE'S COMING IN, IN, IN AT IT, 1126 01:03:28,505 --> 01:03:33,307 AND EVERY LITTLE DETAIL SUDDENLY IS VERY, VERY BIG. 1127 01:03:33,343 --> 01:03:36,142 IT'S NOT LIKE THE WAY 19th CENTURY WRITERS 1128 01:03:36,179 --> 01:03:38,045 WOULD WRITE, WHICH WAS VERY PANORAMIC, 1129 01:03:38,081 --> 01:03:40,073 WHERE THE CAMERA IS SET WAY, WAY BACK, 1130 01:03:40,116 --> 01:03:43,575 AND YOU SEE A GIANT EXPANSE OF EXPERIENCE, 1131 01:03:43,820 --> 01:03:47,018 AND YET HE'S REALLY UP CLOSE AT IT. 1132 01:03:47,057 --> 01:03:49,891 YOU CAN SEE EVERY PORE IN EVERYBODY'S SKIN 1133 01:03:49,926 --> 01:03:55,024 WHEN HE'S WRITING, AND THIS IS EXTREMELY EXCITING. 1134 01:03:55,065 --> 01:03:58,092 DURING THE FIRST 6 MONTHS OF 1924, 1135 01:03:58,134 --> 01:04:01,468 HEMINGWAY WROTE MORE STORIES, HOPING TO INCLUDE THEM 1136 01:04:01,504 --> 01:04:06,909 IN A NEW AND EXPANDED COLLECTION OF "IN OUR TIME." 1137 01:04:06,943 --> 01:04:11,347 "IN OUR TIME" JUST REARRANGED THE GEOGRAPHY 1138 01:04:11,381 --> 01:04:15,341 OF WHAT WAS POSSIBLE FOR A LOT OF PEOPLE WRITING IN ENGLISH. 1139 01:04:15,385 --> 01:04:18,913 WHEN I GO BACK TO THAT BOOK AND TRY TO FORGET ABOUT 1140 01:04:18,955 --> 01:04:22,392 WHO HE BECAME, I'M JUST BLOWN AWAY. 1141 01:04:22,425 --> 01:04:26,123 THAT BOOK, IT TAKES THE TOP OF YOUR HEAD OFF. 1142 01:04:26,162 --> 01:04:28,028 THE BOOK WOULD EVENTUALLY INCLUDE 1143 01:04:28,064 --> 01:04:33,298 15 STORIES SEPARATED BY BRIEF, ITALICIZED VIGNETTES 1144 01:04:33,336 --> 01:04:37,603 BASED ON THINGS HEMINGWAY HAD SEEN OR BEEN TOLD ABOUT... 1145 01:04:37,640 --> 01:04:42,340 REFUGEES, A DYING BULLFIGHTER, A HANGING, 1146 01:04:42,379 --> 01:04:46,942 AND THE WAR HE HAD EXPERIENCED IN ITALY. 1147 01:04:46,983 --> 01:04:50,044 THERE'S SOMETHING ABOUT THESE SHORT PIECES 1148 01:04:50,086 --> 01:04:54,023 THAT ARE IMMORTAL IN MY OPINION. 1149 01:04:54,057 --> 01:04:58,085 I THINK THEY'RE ABSOLUTE MIRACLES OF PROSE, 1150 01:04:58,128 --> 01:05:02,190 OF DESCRIPTION, OF EVOCATION, 1151 01:05:02,232 --> 01:05:07,569 AND OF, THE MOST IMPORTANT THING OF ALL, BEING THERE. 1152 01:05:07,604 --> 01:05:10,005 THEY TAKE YOU THERE. 1153 01:05:13,009 --> 01:05:14,553 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: WHILE THE BOMBARDMENT 1154 01:05:14,577 --> 01:05:17,479 WAS KNOCKING THE TRENCH TO PIECES AT FOSSALTA, 1155 01:05:17,514 --> 01:05:20,382 HE LAY VERY FLAT AND SWEATED AND PRAYED, 1156 01:05:20,417 --> 01:05:24,411 "O JESUS CHRIST GET ME OUT OF HERE. 1157 01:05:24,454 --> 01:05:28,357 "DEAR JESUS, PLEASE GET ME OUT. 1158 01:05:28,391 --> 01:05:31,589 "CHRIST PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE CHRIST. 1159 01:05:31,628 --> 01:05:33,529 "IF YOU'LL ONLY KEEP ME FROM GETTING KILLED, 1160 01:05:33,563 --> 01:05:35,555 "I'LL DO ANYTHING YOU SAY. 1161 01:05:35,598 --> 01:05:37,931 "I BELIEVE IN YOU, AND I'LL TELL EVERYONE 1162 01:05:37,967 --> 01:05:41,096 "IN THE WORLD THAT YOU ARE THE ONLY ONE THAT MATTERS. 1163 01:05:41,137 --> 01:05:44,972 PLEASE PLEASE DEAR JESUS." 1164 01:05:48,611 --> 01:05:52,048 THE SHELLING MOVED FURTHER UP THE LINE. 1165 01:05:52,081 --> 01:05:54,482 WE WENT TO WORK ON THE TRENCH, 1166 01:05:54,517 --> 01:05:56,452 AND IN THE MORNING, THE SUN CAME UP, 1167 01:05:56,486 --> 01:06:00,321 AND THE DAY WAS HOT AND MUGGY AND CHEERFUL AND QUIET. 1168 01:06:03,693 --> 01:06:05,853 THE NEXT NIGHT BACK AT MESTRE, HE DID NOT TELL THE GIRL 1169 01:06:05,962 --> 01:06:11,697 HE WENT UPSTAIRS WITH AT THE VILLA ROSSA ABOUT JESUS. 1170 01:06:11,734 --> 01:06:15,364 AND HE NEVER TOLD ANYBODY. 1171 01:06:15,405 --> 01:06:19,399 IT'S THE BETRAYAL OF A PROMISE THAT APPEALS TO ME. 1172 01:06:19,442 --> 01:06:22,037 I THINK WE ALL DO IT IN PETTY WAYS THROUGHOUT OUR LIVES. 1173 01:06:22,078 --> 01:06:25,708 "GET ME THROUGH THE CRISIS, AND I'LL CHANGE MY WAYS," 1174 01:06:25,748 --> 01:06:30,379 AND IT DOESN'T HAPPEN IN THIS STORY. 1175 01:06:30,420 --> 01:06:33,618 HALF THE STORIES IN "IN OUR TIME" FEATURE 1176 01:06:33,656 --> 01:06:39,288 NICK ADAMS, A CHARACTER WHO IS VERY LIKE THE YOUNG HEMINGWAY. 1177 01:06:39,329 --> 01:06:43,096 IN "INDIAN CAMP," HE IS A LITTLE BOY WHO ACCOMPANIES 1178 01:06:43,132 --> 01:06:46,034 HIS PHYSICIAN FATHER ACROSS A LAKE 1179 01:06:46,069 --> 01:06:48,095 TO AN ENCAMPMENT, WHERE A WOMAN 1180 01:06:48,137 --> 01:06:51,630 HAS BEEN IN LABOR FOR TWO DAYS. 1181 01:06:51,674 --> 01:06:54,701 PURE HORROR FOLLOWS. 1182 01:06:54,744 --> 01:06:57,509 AS THE BOY LOOKS ON, HIS FATHER PERFORMS 1183 01:06:57,547 --> 01:07:01,211 AN EMERGENCY CAESARIAN SECTION BY LAMP LIGHT, 1184 01:07:01,251 --> 01:07:04,278 USING A JACKKNIFE AND SUTURING THE WOUND 1185 01:07:04,320 --> 01:07:09,315 WITH FISHING LINE, ALL WITHOUT ANESTHETIC. 1186 01:07:09,359 --> 01:07:12,124 WHEN NICK ASKS HIS FATHER IF HE CAN'T DO SOMETHING 1187 01:07:12,161 --> 01:07:18,761 ABOUT HER SCREAMS, HE ANSWERS "THEY ARE NOT IMPORTANT." 1188 01:07:18,801 --> 01:07:21,464 AFTERWARDS, THE FATHER OF THE CHILD, 1189 01:07:21,504 --> 01:07:24,497 APPARENTLY UNABLE TO ENDURE HIS HELPLESSNESS 1190 01:07:24,541 --> 01:07:27,204 DURING HIS WIFE'S ORDEAL, IS FOUND 1191 01:07:27,243 --> 01:07:30,179 TO HAVE SLIT HIS OWN THROAT. 1192 01:07:32,815 --> 01:07:34,511 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: "DO LADIES ALWAYS HAVE 1193 01:07:34,551 --> 01:07:38,147 SUCH A HARD TIME HAVING BABIES?" NICK ASKED. 1194 01:07:38,187 --> 01:07:42,181 "NO, THAT WAS VERY, VERY EXCEPTIONAL." 1195 01:07:42,225 --> 01:07:45,354 "WHY DID HE KILL HIMSELF, DADDY?" 1196 01:07:45,395 --> 01:07:47,159 "I DON'T KNOW, NICK. 1197 01:07:47,196 --> 01:07:50,291 HE COULDN'T STAND THINGS, I GUESS." 1198 01:07:50,333 --> 01:07:53,303 "DO MANY MEN KILL THEMSELVES, DADDY?" 1199 01:07:53,336 --> 01:07:55,328 "NOT VERY MANY, NICK." 1200 01:07:55,371 --> 01:07:57,237 "DO MANY WOMEN?" 1201 01:07:57,273 --> 01:07:59,242 "HARDLY EVER." 1202 01:07:59,275 --> 01:08:01,107 "DON'T THEY EVER?" 1203 01:08:01,144 --> 01:08:04,342 "OH, YES. THEY DO SOMETIMES." 1204 01:08:04,380 --> 01:08:07,248 "IS DYING HARD, DADDY?" 1205 01:08:07,283 --> 01:08:10,481 "NO, I THINK IT'S PRETTY EASY, NICK. 1206 01:08:10,520 --> 01:08:12,648 IT ALL DEPENDS." 1207 01:08:15,458 --> 01:08:18,428 THEY WERE SEATED IN THE BOAT, NICK IN THE STERN, 1208 01:08:18,461 --> 01:08:21,124 HIS FATHER ROWING. 1209 01:08:21,164 --> 01:08:24,191 THE SUN WAS COMING UP OVER THE HILLS. 1210 01:08:24,233 --> 01:08:28,102 A BASS JUMPED, MAKING A CIRCLE IN THE WATER. 1211 01:08:28,137 --> 01:08:30,538 NICK TRAILED HIS HAND IN THE WATER. 1212 01:08:30,573 --> 01:08:33,600 IT FELT WARM IN THE SHARP CHILL OF THE MORNING. 1213 01:08:35,645 --> 01:08:37,511 IN THE EARLY MORNING ON THE LAKE, 1214 01:08:37,547 --> 01:08:41,450 SITTING IN THE STERN OF THE BOAT WITH HIS FATHER ROWING, 1215 01:08:41,484 --> 01:08:44,886 HE FELT QUITE SURE THAT HE WOULD NEVER DIE. 1216 01:08:47,757 --> 01:08:51,285 "INDIAN CAMP," THAT'S ONE 1217 01:08:51,327 --> 01:08:54,297 OF MY FAVORITE STORIES IN THE WORLD, 1218 01:08:54,330 --> 01:08:56,856 AND HE WAS A BABY WHEN HE WROTE IT, 1219 01:08:56,899 --> 01:09:00,768 BUT IT IS COMPL... IT IS A WORK OF GREAT SOPHISTICATION, 1220 01:09:00,803 --> 01:09:04,365 AND IT HANDLES VERY SENSATIONAL MATERIAL 1221 01:09:04,407 --> 01:09:07,468 IN AN ABSOLUTELY UNSENSATIONAL WAY. 1222 01:09:07,510 --> 01:09:12,414 AND WHAT IT ALL COMES DOWN TO IS "YOU'RE GOING TO DIE." 1223 01:09:12,448 --> 01:09:15,316 HE KNOWS HE'S GOING TO DIE. HE'S SEEN IT, 1224 01:09:15,351 --> 01:09:18,879 BUT THERE'S THIS FEELING, BEING WITH HIS FATHER, 1225 01:09:18,921 --> 01:09:22,881 BEING OUTDOORS IN THE DAWN, 1226 01:09:22,925 --> 01:09:28,796 THAT IT'S POSSIBLE TO HOPE OR DENY OR EVADE THAT TRUTH 1227 01:09:28,831 --> 01:09:31,300 FOR A LITTLE WHILE. 1228 01:09:33,436 --> 01:09:35,735 THE LAST STORIES IN THE COLLECTION 1229 01:09:35,772 --> 01:09:40,210 ARE "BIG TWO-HEARTED RIVER, PARTS I AND II." 1230 01:09:40,243 --> 01:09:42,712 THEY ARE ABOUT A NOW OLDER NICK ADAMS, 1231 01:09:42,745 --> 01:09:45,374 A WRITER WHO HAD BEEN WOUNDED AND TRAUMATIZED 1232 01:09:45,415 --> 01:09:47,577 FROM THE GREAT WAR. 1233 01:09:47,617 --> 01:09:50,678 "IT WAS ABOUT THE WAR," HEMINGWAY LATER RECALLED, 1234 01:09:50,720 --> 01:09:53,781 "BUT THERE WAS NO MENTION OF THE WAR IN IT." 1235 01:09:56,559 --> 01:09:57,925 NICK JOURNEYS ALONE 1236 01:09:57,960 --> 01:10:00,486 TO THE UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN, 1237 01:10:00,530 --> 01:10:05,264 WHERE HE HAD FREQUENTLY FISHED FOR TROUT BEFORE THE WAR. 1238 01:10:05,301 --> 01:10:08,863 A FOREST FIRE HAS DESTROYED THE TOWN HE HAD KNOWN. 1239 01:10:08,905 --> 01:10:11,568 HE FEARS THE RIVER AND THE LIFE HE KNEW 1240 01:10:11,607 --> 01:10:14,509 BEFORE THE WAR HAD BEEN RUINED, TOO. 1241 01:10:18,581 --> 01:10:21,244 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: THE RIVER WAS THERE. 1242 01:10:21,284 --> 01:10:25,415 IT SWIRLED AGAINST THE LOG PILES OF THE BRIDGE. 1243 01:10:25,455 --> 01:10:27,924 NICK LOOKED DOWN INTO THE CLEAR, BROWN WATER, 1244 01:10:27,957 --> 01:10:31,792 COLORED FROM THE PEBBLY BOTTOM, AND WATCHED THE TROUT 1245 01:10:31,828 --> 01:10:33,820 KEEPING THEMSELVES STEADY IN THE CURRENT 1246 01:10:33,863 --> 01:10:36,355 WITH WAVERING FINS. 1247 01:10:38,735 --> 01:10:41,261 AS HE WATCHED THEM, THEY CHANGED THEIR POSITIONS 1248 01:10:41,304 --> 01:10:43,899 BY QUICK ANGLES, ONLY TO HOLD STEADY 1249 01:10:43,940 --> 01:10:46,705 IN THE FAST WATER AGAIN. 1250 01:10:46,743 --> 01:10:49,508 NICK WATCHED THEM A LONG TIME. 1251 01:10:51,380 --> 01:10:53,315 IT WAS A HOT DAY. 1252 01:10:53,349 --> 01:10:56,342 A KINGFISHER FLEW UP THE STREAM. 1253 01:10:56,385 --> 01:10:59,287 IT WAS A LONG TIME SINCE NICK HAD LOOKED INTO A STREAM 1254 01:10:59,322 --> 01:11:01,450 AND SEEN TROUT. 1255 01:11:01,491 --> 01:11:05,292 THEY WERE VERY SATISFACTORY. 1256 01:11:05,328 --> 01:11:07,729 I LOVED IT. 1257 01:11:07,764 --> 01:11:11,257 I LOVED THE DESCRIPTION OF THE SCENERY 1258 01:11:11,300 --> 01:11:16,932 WITHOUT SAYING ANYTHING ABOUT HIS INNER SITUATION. 1259 01:11:16,973 --> 01:11:19,636 HE HAD SOME HURT, OR SOMETHING BAD, 1260 01:11:19,675 --> 01:11:22,042 IT WAS INSIDE OF HIMSELF. 1261 01:11:22,278 --> 01:11:26,374 BY FOLLOWING HIS DESCRIPTION OF THE LANDSCAPE 1262 01:11:26,415 --> 01:11:32,753 AND WHAT HE DOES, WE FEEL HE IS CURED, HEALED. 1263 01:11:35,958 --> 01:11:40,054 IN 1925, THE NEW YORK PUBLISHER HORACE LIVERIGHT 1264 01:11:40,296 --> 01:11:43,994 BROUGHT OUT THE EXPANDED EDITION OF "IN OUR TIME," 1265 01:11:44,033 --> 01:11:46,867 BUT HE REFUSED TO INCLUDE "UP IN MICHIGAN," 1266 01:11:46,903 --> 01:11:51,603 THE STORY GERTRUDE STEIN HAD SAID WAS UNPUBLISHABLE. 1267 01:11:51,641 --> 01:11:54,907 HEMINGWAY WAS DISAPPOINTED BUT SAID HE HOPED THE BOOK 1268 01:11:54,944 --> 01:11:59,939 WOULD BE "PRAISED BY HIGHBROWS AND CAN BE READ BY LOWBROWS. 1269 01:11:59,982 --> 01:12:02,383 "THERE IS NO WRITING IN IT THAT ANYBODY 1270 01:12:02,418 --> 01:12:06,378 WITH A HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION CANNOT READ." 1271 01:12:06,422 --> 01:12:07,766 ONE OF THE THINGS TO THINK ABOUT, 1272 01:12:07,790 --> 01:12:09,850 WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT MODERNISM, 1273 01:12:09,892 --> 01:12:13,590 AT LEAST ANGLO-IRISH, AMERICAN, HIGH MODERNISM, 1274 01:12:13,629 --> 01:12:18,329 IS THERE WAS A CULT OF DIFFICULTY: 1275 01:12:18,367 --> 01:12:21,769 JOYCE, DIFFICULT; GERTRUDE STEIN, DIFFICULT; 1276 01:12:21,804 --> 01:12:25,935 FAULKNER, DIFFICULT; E.E. CUMMINGS, DIFFICULT. 1277 01:12:25,975 --> 01:12:29,878 AND HEMINGWAY JUST WENT AGAINST THE GRAIN ON THAT. 1278 01:12:29,912 --> 01:12:32,438 HE DARED TO BE STRAIGHTFORWARD 1279 01:12:32,481 --> 01:12:34,450 OR APPARENTLY STRAIGHTFORWARD. 1280 01:12:34,483 --> 01:12:38,784 HE DARED TO IMPERSONATE SIMPLICITY. 1281 01:12:38,821 --> 01:12:41,985 HE HOOKS YOU WITH THE LOWBROW APPEARANCE. 1282 01:12:42,024 --> 01:12:48,988 THEN, HE PLAYS YOU, AND THEN, YOU'RE HIS TROPHY. 1283 01:12:49,031 --> 01:12:52,433 THE BOOK WAS A CRITICAL SENSATION. 1284 01:12:52,468 --> 01:12:55,370 THE "NEW YORK TIMES" SAID THAT HEMINGWAY PACKED 1285 01:12:55,404 --> 01:12:57,930 "A WHOLE CHARACTER INTO A PHRASE, 1286 01:12:57,974 --> 01:13:01,706 AN ENTIRE SITUATION INTO A SENTENCE OR TWO" 1287 01:13:01,744 --> 01:13:06,079 AND MADE "EACH WORD COUNT 3 OR 4 WAYS." 1288 01:13:06,115 --> 01:13:09,643 "ERNEST HEMINGWAY IS SOMEBODY," SAID "TIME," 1289 01:13:09,685 --> 01:13:17,685 "A NEW, HONEST, UNLITERARY TRANSCRIBER OF LIFE, A WRITER." 1290 01:13:18,628 --> 01:13:21,598 HE WAS VERY RESTLESS AND AMBITIOUS, 1291 01:13:21,631 --> 01:13:23,623 VERY COMPETITIVE, 1292 01:13:23,666 --> 01:13:30,004 AND FAULKNER'S GETTING GOING, FITZGERALD'S GETTING GOING, 1293 01:13:30,039 --> 01:13:32,907 JOYCE IS KING OF THE MOUNTAIN, 1294 01:13:32,942 --> 01:13:37,573 AND HE KNEW THAT A NOVEL HAD TO HAPPEN. 1295 01:13:37,613 --> 01:13:42,483 HOW DOES ONE GO FROM THE MICRO STITCHING 1296 01:13:42,518 --> 01:13:45,147 OF SENTENCE TO SENTENCE TO SENTENCE AND, 1297 01:13:45,187 --> 01:13:47,588 "OH, MY GOODNESS, A PARAGRAPH! 1298 01:13:47,623 --> 01:13:50,058 IT ONLY TOOK ME A MORNING"... 1299 01:13:50,092 --> 01:13:52,425 HOW DO YOU GO FROM THAT TO A LONGER FORM? 1300 01:13:58,601 --> 01:14:01,628 I STARTED IN VALENCIA ON MY 26th BIRTHDAY, 1301 01:14:01,671 --> 01:14:04,163 JULY 21st. 1302 01:14:04,206 --> 01:14:06,801 EVERYBODY MY AGE HAD WRITTEN A NOVEL, 1303 01:14:06,842 --> 01:14:08,674 AND I WAS STILL HAVING A DIFFICULT TIME 1304 01:14:08,711 --> 01:14:11,203 WRITING A PARAGRAPH, 1305 01:14:11,447 --> 01:14:14,007 SO I STARTED THE BOOK ON MY BIRTHDAY, 1306 01:14:14,050 --> 01:14:17,885 WROTE ALL THROUGH THE FERIA, IN BED IN THE MORNING, 1307 01:14:17,920 --> 01:14:21,755 WENT ON TO MADRID AND WROTE THERE. 1308 01:14:21,791 --> 01:14:24,920 WE HAD A ROOM WITH A TABLE, AND I WROTE IN GREAT LUXURY 1309 01:14:24,961 --> 01:14:27,726 ON THE TABLE AND AROUND THE CORNER 1310 01:14:27,763 --> 01:14:30,995 FROM THE HOTEL IN A BEER PLACE, WHERE IT WAS COOL. 1311 01:14:31,033 --> 01:14:39,033 ♪ 1312 01:14:46,949 --> 01:14:51,717 IN THE SUMMER OF 1925, LEAVING BUMBY WITH A NANNY, 1313 01:14:51,754 --> 01:14:53,882 THE HEMINGWAYS RETURNED TO PAMPLONA 1314 01:14:53,923 --> 01:14:57,826 FOR THE ANNUAL RUNNING OF THE BULLS. 1315 01:14:57,860 --> 01:15:02,059 WITH THEM WENT A GROUP OF 5 AMERICAN AND BRITISH FRIENDS, 1316 01:15:02,098 --> 01:15:06,559 INCLUDING THE SEDUCTIVE LADY DUFF TWYSDEN. 1317 01:15:06,602 --> 01:15:08,969 "EVERYBODY WAS DRINKING ALL THE TIME, 1318 01:15:09,005 --> 01:15:11,668 AND EVERYBODY WAS HAVING AFFAIRS ALL THE TIME," 1319 01:15:11,707 --> 01:15:13,573 HADLEY REMEMBERED. 1320 01:15:13,609 --> 01:15:16,977 "I FOUND IT SORT OF UPSETTING." 1321 01:15:17,013 --> 01:15:20,142 AFTERWARDS, ERNEST AND HADLEY CONTINUED TO FOLLOW 1322 01:15:20,182 --> 01:15:27,851 THE BULLFIGHTS ACROSS SPAIN... VALENCIA, MADRID, SAN SEBASTIAN, 1323 01:15:27,890 --> 01:15:31,725 AND AS THEY TRAVELED ABOARD TRAINS AND BUSES, 1324 01:15:31,761 --> 01:15:35,664 ON RESTAURANT TABLES AND IN HOTEL ROOMS AT NIGHT, 1325 01:15:35,698 --> 01:15:38,167 HE WORKED FEVERISHLY ON A NOVEL, 1326 01:15:38,200 --> 01:15:40,931 INSPIRED BY THE TURBULENT TIME THEY'D HAD 1327 01:15:40,970 --> 01:15:43,530 WITH THEIR FRIENDS IN PAMPLONA. 1328 01:15:43,572 --> 01:15:48,806 IT WOULD BE CALLED "THE SUN ALSO RISES." 1329 01:15:48,844 --> 01:15:52,975 THE FIRST DRAFT WAS FINISHED IN JUST 8 WEEKS. 1330 01:15:53,015 --> 01:15:55,814 IT WOULD BE A CLEAR-EYED AND SARDONIC PORTRAIT 1331 01:15:55,851 --> 01:16:00,152 OF WHAT GERTRUDE STEIN CALLED, "THE LOST GENERATION," 1332 01:16:00,189 --> 01:16:03,091 MEN AND WOMEN SCARRED BY THE GREAT WAR, 1333 01:16:03,125 --> 01:16:07,961 WHO DID THEIR BEST TO ERASE ITS MEMORY. 1334 01:16:07,997 --> 01:16:11,331 THE NARRATOR, A NEWSPAPERMAN FROM KANSAS CITY, 1335 01:16:11,567 --> 01:16:17,268 WAS FIRST NAMED "HEM" BEFORE HE BECAME JAKE BARNES. 1336 01:16:17,306 --> 01:16:20,105 BARNES IS A WAR VETERAN WITH A MYSTERIOUS 1337 01:16:20,142 --> 01:16:25,171 AND UNEXPLAINED WOUND THAT HAS MADE HIM IMPOTENT. 1338 01:16:39,028 --> 01:16:41,088 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: OUTSIDE A NIGHT TRAIN, 1339 01:16:41,130 --> 01:16:42,894 RUNNING ON THE STREETCAR TRACKS, 1340 01:16:42,932 --> 01:16:45,959 WENT BY CARRYING VEGETABLES TO THE MARKETS. 1341 01:16:46,001 --> 01:16:50,063 THEY WERE NOISY AT NIGHT WHEN YOU COULD NOT SLEEP. 1342 01:16:50,106 --> 01:16:52,837 UNDRESSING, I LOOKED AT MYSELF IN THE MIRROR 1343 01:16:52,875 --> 01:16:57,040 OF THE BIG ARMOIRE BESIDE THE BED. 1344 01:16:57,079 --> 01:16:59,674 OF ALL THE WAYS TO BE WOUNDED. 1345 01:17:26,242 --> 01:17:28,677 IN THE EARLY DRAFTS, HEMINGWAY HAD USED 1346 01:17:28,711 --> 01:17:30,646 THE REAL NAMES OF HIS FRIENDS 1347 01:17:30,679 --> 01:17:34,047 FROM THEIR RECKLESS, DRUNKEN TIME IN PAMPLONA. 1348 01:17:34,083 --> 01:17:38,646 FOR FEAR OF BEING SUED, HE LATER CHANGED THEM. 1349 01:17:38,687 --> 01:17:41,953 LADY DUFF TWYSDEN, WHO HAD CAPTIVATED HEMINGWAY 1350 01:17:41,991 --> 01:17:43,755 AND HAD WORRIED HADLEY, 1351 01:17:43,792 --> 01:17:46,318 WOULD EVENTUALLY BECOME THE THINLY DISGUISED 1352 01:17:46,362 --> 01:17:49,730 LADY BRETT ASHLEY, THE PROMISCUOUS WOMAN 1353 01:17:49,765 --> 01:17:54,726 JAKE BARNES LONGS FOR BUT CAN NEVER HAVE. 1354 01:17:54,770 --> 01:17:57,672 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: BRETT WAS DAMNED GOOD-LOOKING. 1355 01:17:57,706 --> 01:17:59,698 SHE WORE A SLIPOVER JERSEY SWEATER 1356 01:17:59,742 --> 01:18:01,301 AND A TWEED SKIRT, 1357 01:18:01,343 --> 01:18:04,905 AND HER HAIR WAS BRUSHED BACK LIKE A BOY'S. 1358 01:18:04,947 --> 01:18:07,781 SHE STARTED ALL THAT. 1359 01:18:07,816 --> 01:18:11,014 SHE WAS BUILT WITH CURVES LIKE THE HULL OF A RACING YACHT, 1360 01:18:11,053 --> 01:18:15,013 AND YOU MISSED NONE OF IT WITH THAT WOOL JERSEY. 1361 01:18:15,057 --> 01:18:17,856 SOMEBODY LIKE LADY BRETT IS EFFECTIVELY 1362 01:18:17,893 --> 01:18:19,919 A VERY STRONG CHARACTER. 1363 01:18:19,962 --> 01:18:22,761 SHE ACTIVELY GOES OUT OF HER WAY TO DRESS LIKE A MAN, 1364 01:18:22,798 --> 01:18:24,323 DRESS LIKE A BOY. 1365 01:18:24,366 --> 01:18:26,835 SHE WEARS A RUGBY SWEATER, CUTS HER HAIR SHORT, 1366 01:18:26,869 --> 01:18:31,170 AND CHOOSES TO LIVE HER LIFE AS A MAN WOULD IN THAT MOMENT. 1367 01:18:31,207 --> 01:18:36,202 THAT'S HIGHLY PROVOCATIVE FOR A 1926 TEXT. 1368 01:18:36,245 --> 01:18:39,181 ANOTHER MEMBER OF THE PARTY HAROLD LOEB, 1369 01:18:39,215 --> 01:18:43,846 HANDSOME, ATHLETIC, AND JEWISH, BECAME ROBERT COHN, 1370 01:18:43,886 --> 01:18:45,855 WEAK AND OBNOXIOUS, 1371 01:18:45,888 --> 01:18:50,792 SCORNED BY SOME IN THE GROUP BECAUSE HE WAS A JEW. 1372 01:18:50,826 --> 01:18:52,920 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: BILL LOOKED AROUND, HALF-SHAVED, 1373 01:18:52,962 --> 01:18:54,439 AND THEN WENT ON TALKING INTO THE MIRROR 1374 01:18:54,463 --> 01:18:57,228 WHILE HE LATHERED HIS FACE. 1375 01:18:57,266 --> 01:18:58,928 "HAVEN'T YOU GOT SOME MORE JEWISH FRIENDS 1376 01:18:58,968 --> 01:19:01,062 YOU COULD BRING ALONG?" 1377 01:19:01,103 --> 01:19:03,504 HE RUBBED HIS CHIN WITH HIS THUMB, LOOKED AT IT, 1378 01:19:03,739 --> 01:19:06,231 AND THEN STARTED SCRAPING AGAIN. 1379 01:19:06,275 --> 01:19:09,109 "YOU'VE GOT SOME FINE ONES YOURSELF." 1380 01:19:09,144 --> 01:19:11,943 "OH, YES. I'VE GOT SOME DARBS. 1381 01:19:11,981 --> 01:19:14,849 "BUT NOT ALONGSIDE OF THIS ROBERT COHN. 1382 01:19:14,883 --> 01:19:17,216 "THE FUNNY THING IS HE'S NICE, TOO. 1383 01:19:17,253 --> 01:19:18,915 "I LIKE HIM. 1384 01:19:18,954 --> 01:19:21,480 BUT HE'S JUST SO AWFUL." 1385 01:19:21,523 --> 01:19:23,958 "HE CAN BE DAMNED NICE." 1386 01:19:23,993 --> 01:19:25,825 "I KNOW IT. 1387 01:19:25,861 --> 01:19:28,922 THAT'S THE TERRIBLE PART." 1388 01:19:28,964 --> 01:19:31,490 I LOVE "THE SUN ALSO RISES" 1389 01:19:31,533 --> 01:19:34,503 BUT IT'S TRAGIC THAT HE MAKES HAROLD LOEB 1390 01:19:34,536 --> 01:19:37,995 INTO THIS DESPICABLE JEW. 1391 01:19:38,040 --> 01:19:42,501 IT'S JUST, UM, STUNNING. 1392 01:19:42,544 --> 01:19:45,104 IT'S JUST STUNNING, 1393 01:19:45,147 --> 01:19:48,083 AND HAROLD LOEB COULD NOT BELIEVE IT. 1394 01:19:48,117 --> 01:19:50,245 YOU KNOW, HE THOUGHT THEY WERE SO CLOSE. 1395 01:19:50,286 --> 01:19:52,050 THEY WERE CLOSE, 1396 01:19:52,087 --> 01:19:55,057 AND HE JUST SAID, "I STILL DON'T UNDERSTAND HIM. 1397 01:19:55,090 --> 01:19:57,321 HE WAS MY FRIEND." 1398 01:20:00,229 --> 01:20:03,063 HEMINGWAY'S PROTAGONIST JAKE BARNES 1399 01:20:03,098 --> 01:20:06,068 IS A JADED INSIDER AT PAMPLONA. 1400 01:20:06,101 --> 01:20:08,297 HE SEEMS TO KNOW EVERYTHING THERE IS TO KNOW 1401 01:20:08,337 --> 01:20:10,932 ABOUT BULLFIGHTING. 1402 01:20:10,973 --> 01:20:15,138 THE STAR OF THE FIESTA IS A MATADOR NAMED PEDRO ROMERO, 1403 01:20:15,177 --> 01:20:19,080 JUST 19, INNOCENT, AND UNSPOILED. 1404 01:20:19,114 --> 01:20:22,983 THE BULLFIGHTING WORLD HOPES TO KEEP HIM THAT WAY, 1405 01:20:23,018 --> 01:20:25,044 BUT JAKE BREAKS THE RULES 1406 01:20:25,087 --> 01:20:27,921 AND INTRODUCES HIM TO BRETT ASHLEY, 1407 01:20:27,956 --> 01:20:32,894 THE WOMAN HE CAN NEVER BE WITH HIMSELF. 1408 01:20:32,928 --> 01:20:35,124 JAKE BARNES SHOULDN'T HAVE DONE THAT. 1409 01:20:35,164 --> 01:20:38,191 SHE'S NOT A SERIOUS, COMMITTED PERSON. 1410 01:20:38,233 --> 01:20:40,429 SHE'S A FREE WOMAN. SHE'S A FREE WOMAN. 1411 01:20:40,469 --> 01:20:42,495 SHE INDULGES HERSELF, 1412 01:20:42,538 --> 01:20:45,030 AND SHE WANTS TO INDULGE HERSELF WITH THE BULLFIGHTER. 1413 01:20:45,074 --> 01:20:47,134 JAKE BARNES SHOULD HAVE PROTECTED 1414 01:20:47,176 --> 01:20:51,272 THIS YOUNG, VULNERABLE, ETHICAL FIGURE, 1415 01:20:51,313 --> 01:20:54,442 AND AFTER THAT, THE PEOPLE IN THE KNOW IN PAMPLONA 1416 01:20:54,483 --> 01:20:56,577 TURN AGAINST JAKE. 1417 01:20:56,618 --> 01:20:59,611 THEY BARELY TALK TO HIM. THEY AVOID HIM, 1418 01:20:59,855 --> 01:21:03,519 AND THAT'S A BIG TURNING POINT IN THIS CHARACTER. 1419 01:21:03,559 --> 01:21:07,519 OF COURSE, HE KNOWS WHAT HE DID. 1420 01:21:07,563 --> 01:21:09,191 AT THE END OF THE NOVEL, 1421 01:21:09,231 --> 01:21:13,168 JAKE AND BRETT SHARE A TAXI IN MADRID. 1422 01:21:15,437 --> 01:21:18,032 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: THE DRIVER STARTED UP THE STREET. 1423 01:21:18,073 --> 01:21:19,473 I SETTLED BACK. 1424 01:21:19,508 --> 01:21:22,034 BRETT MOVED CLOSE TO ME. 1425 01:21:22,077 --> 01:21:24,569 WE SAT CLOSE AGAINST EACH OTHER. 1426 01:21:24,613 --> 01:21:26,275 I PUT MY ARM AROUND HER, 1427 01:21:26,315 --> 01:21:29,308 AND SHE RESTED AGAINST ME COMFORTABLY. 1428 01:21:29,351 --> 01:21:31,445 IT WAS VERY HOT AND BRIGHT, 1429 01:21:31,487 --> 01:21:34,582 AND THE HOUSES LOOKED SHARPLY WHITE. 1430 01:21:34,623 --> 01:21:37,991 WE TURNED OUT ONTO THE GRAN VIA. 1431 01:21:38,026 --> 01:21:40,086 "OH, JAKE," BRETT SAID, 1432 01:21:40,129 --> 01:21:43,998 "WE COULD HAVE HAD SUCH A DAMNED GOOD TIME TOGETHER." 1433 01:21:44,032 --> 01:21:48,493 AHEAD WAS A MOUNTED POLICEMAN IN KHAKI DIRECTING TRAFFIC. 1434 01:21:48,537 --> 01:21:50,563 HE RAISED HIS BATON. 1435 01:21:50,606 --> 01:21:54,941 THE CAR SLOWED, SUDDENLY PRESSING BRETT AGAINST ME. 1436 01:21:54,977 --> 01:21:57,537 "YES," I SAID. 1437 01:21:57,579 --> 01:22:01,016 ISN'T IT PRETTY TO THINK SO?" 1438 01:22:01,049 --> 01:22:03,541 "ISN'T IT PRETTY TO THINK SO?" 1439 01:22:03,585 --> 01:22:07,352 IT'S THE WISTFULNESS OF WHAT WE BOTH LOSE 1440 01:22:07,389 --> 01:22:10,416 AND NEVER HAD, A WISTFULNESS. 1441 01:22:10,459 --> 01:22:12,553 "ISN'T IT PRETTY TO THINK THAT MY DAD AND I 1442 01:22:12,594 --> 01:22:16,964 "COULD HAVE TALKED ABOUT VIRTUALLY ANYTHING? 1443 01:22:16,999 --> 01:22:19,594 IT'S PRETTY TO THINK SO," 1444 01:22:19,635 --> 01:22:22,400 BUT IT DIDN'T HAPPEN, AND IT WON'T HAPPEN, 1445 01:22:22,438 --> 01:22:26,432 AND SO THERE'S A SADNESS TO IT THAT FEELS TO ME FULLY HUMAN. 1446 01:22:26,475 --> 01:22:29,240 "ALL THAT WILL NOT BE," WHICH IS GOING TO BE TRUE 1447 01:22:29,278 --> 01:22:32,009 FOR EVERY HUMAN BEING IN SOME WAY OR ANOTHER 1448 01:22:32,047 --> 01:22:34,983 ON THIS PLANET, "ALL THAT WILL NEVER BE." 1449 01:22:35,017 --> 01:22:37,714 IT HAS A UNIVERSALITY TO IT. 1450 01:22:37,953 --> 01:22:41,082 "ISN'T IT PRETTY TO THINK SO?" 1451 01:22:43,091 --> 01:22:45,526 THE WAR HAD OBLITERATED ANY ILLUSIONS 1452 01:22:45,561 --> 01:22:48,497 ABOUT THE FUTURE, BUT HEMINGWAY SEEMED 1453 01:22:48,530 --> 01:22:52,524 TO BE SUGGESTING THAT EVEN IN THE MOST DAMAGED LIVES, 1454 01:22:52,568 --> 01:22:55,595 DESPITE THE INDIGNITIES MEN AND WOMEN INFLICT 1455 01:22:55,637 --> 01:23:01,736 UPON EACH OTHER, SOME HOPE, SOME SWEETNESS COULD BE FOUND. 1456 01:23:01,977 --> 01:23:04,640 I LOVE "THE SUN ALSO RISES." 1457 01:23:04,680 --> 01:23:08,549 THE PITH OF IT, FOR ME. 1458 01:23:08,584 --> 01:23:12,146 THERE'S ALL THE HOTELS AND THE DRINK 1459 01:23:12,187 --> 01:23:14,383 AND THE BULLFIGHTING AND THE FISHING 1460 01:23:14,423 --> 01:23:16,688 AND THE MOUNTAINS AND THEIR KNAPSACKS, 1461 01:23:16,725 --> 01:23:18,557 "THAT'S A DAMN FINE WINE," 1462 01:23:18,594 --> 01:23:22,122 AND THERE'S ALL THAT BLUSTER, 1463 01:23:22,164 --> 01:23:24,690 AND THERE'S IMPOTENCE. 1464 01:23:24,733 --> 01:23:27,669 WHAT IT DID FOR ME, WHEN I READ IT, 1465 01:23:27,703 --> 01:23:35,611 WAS TO INTRODUCE ME TO AN EXOTICA, A GLAMOUR, 1466 01:23:35,644 --> 01:23:41,311 A LIFE THAT, COMING FROM COUNTY CLARE IN IRELAND, 1467 01:23:41,350 --> 01:23:42,682 I COULDN'T BELIEVE IT. 1468 01:23:42,718 --> 01:23:44,118 I WAS SEDUCED BY IT. 1469 01:23:44,152 --> 01:23:46,747 THAT IS THE WORD I'M LOOKING FOR. 1470 01:23:46,788 --> 01:23:50,247 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: AUGUST 23, 1925. 1471 01:23:50,292 --> 01:23:52,523 IT IS A HELL OF A FINE NOVEL. 1472 01:23:52,561 --> 01:23:55,395 WRITTEN VERY SIMPLY AND FULL OF THINGS HAPPENING 1473 01:23:55,430 --> 01:23:58,264 AND PEOPLE AND PLACES AND EXCITING AS HELL 1474 01:23:58,300 --> 01:24:01,327 AND NO AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL FIRST NOVEL STUFF. 1475 01:24:01,370 --> 01:24:03,305 I THINK IT WILL BE A KNOCKOUT 1476 01:24:03,338 --> 01:24:05,204 AND WILL LET THESE BASTARDS WHO SAY, 1477 01:24:05,240 --> 01:24:07,440 "YES, HE CAN WRITE VERY BEAUTIFUL LITTLE PARAGRAPHS KNOW 1478 01:24:07,476 --> 01:24:09,672 WHERE THEY GET OFF AT." 1479 01:24:09,711 --> 01:24:11,543 I'VE TRIED TO WRITE A HELL OF A GOOD STORY 1480 01:24:11,580 --> 01:24:16,348 ABOUT PEOPLE WITHOUT FAKING, PRECIOSITY, OR HORSESHIT. 1481 01:24:16,385 --> 01:24:19,116 EVERYBODY KNOWS LIFE IS A TRAGIC SHOW, 1482 01:24:19,154 --> 01:24:22,716 I.E. BORN HERE, DIE THERE. 1483 01:24:22,758 --> 01:24:26,661 EVERYBODY DIES, EVERYBODY GETS BITCHED. 1484 01:24:29,431 --> 01:24:32,128 ERNEST WAS HAPPY WITH HIS MANUSCRIPT 1485 01:24:32,167 --> 01:24:36,263 BUT UNHAPPY WITH HIS PUBLISHER HORACE LIVERIGHT. 1486 01:24:36,305 --> 01:24:40,299 HIS LAST BOOK "IN OUR TIME" HAD BEEN A CRITICAL SUCCESS, 1487 01:24:40,342 --> 01:24:42,368 BUT IT HADN'T SOLD. 1488 01:24:42,411 --> 01:24:45,506 BY CONTRACT, LIVERIGHT HAD THE RIGHT TO PUBLISH 1489 01:24:45,547 --> 01:24:49,450 HIS NEXT TWO BOOKS PROVIDED HE ACCEPTED THE FIRST ONE 1490 01:24:49,484 --> 01:24:52,682 WITHIN 60 DAYS OF ITS SUBMISSION. 1491 01:24:52,721 --> 01:24:56,749 BY THIS TIME, THE CELEBRATED NOVELIST F. SCOTT FITZGERALD 1492 01:24:56,792 --> 01:25:00,251 HAD BECOME A GOOD FRIEND AND HAD ALERTED HIS OWN EDITOR 1493 01:25:00,295 --> 01:25:05,825 MAXWELL PERKINS OF SCRIBNER'S, TO HEMINGWAY'S GREAT PROMISE. 1494 01:25:05,867 --> 01:25:08,359 DEAR MAX, THIS IS TO TELL YOU 1495 01:25:08,403 --> 01:25:10,872 ABOUT A YOUNG MAN NAMED ERNEST HEMINGWAY, 1496 01:25:11,106 --> 01:25:12,768 WHO LIVES IN PARIS, 1497 01:25:12,808 --> 01:25:16,267 AN AMERICAN, WRITES FOR THE "TRANSATLANTIC REVIEW," 1498 01:25:16,311 --> 01:25:18,712 AND HAS A BRILLIANT FUTURE. 1499 01:25:18,747 --> 01:25:20,443 EZRA POUND PUBLISHED A COLLECTION 1500 01:25:20,482 --> 01:25:22,246 OF HIS SHORT PIECES. 1501 01:25:22,284 --> 01:25:24,685 I HAVEN'T IT HERE NOW, BUT IT'S REMARKABLE, 1502 01:25:24,720 --> 01:25:26,746 AND I'D LOOK HIM UP RIGHT AWAY. 1503 01:25:26,788 --> 01:25:28,654 HE'S THE REAL THING. 1504 01:25:28,690 --> 01:25:30,522 SCOTT. 1505 01:25:30,559 --> 01:25:33,552 FITZGERALD WOULD EVENTUALLY PERSUADE ERNEST 1506 01:25:33,595 --> 01:25:36,497 TO JETTISON THE FIRST TWO CLUMSY CHAPTERS 1507 01:25:36,531 --> 01:25:39,262 OF "THE SUN ALSO RISES," THOUGH HEMINGWAY 1508 01:25:39,301 --> 01:25:44,205 WOULD LATER CLAIM IT HAD BEEN HIS IDEA ALL ALONG. 1509 01:25:44,239 --> 01:25:47,266 NOW, FITZGERALD SUGGESTED A WAY HEMINGWAY COULD GET 1510 01:25:47,309 --> 01:25:49,835 OUT OF HIS CONTRACT... WRITE SOMETHING 1511 01:25:49,878 --> 01:25:54,213 HORACE LIVERIGHT WOULD HAVE TO REJECT. 1512 01:25:56,151 --> 01:26:00,646 IN JUST 10 DAYS, ERNEST BANGED OUT "THE TORRENTS OF SPRING," 1513 01:26:00,689 --> 01:26:02,920 A CRUEL LAMPOON OF HIS FRIEND 1514 01:26:03,158 --> 01:26:04,592 SHERWOOD ANDERSON, 1515 01:26:04,626 --> 01:26:06,322 WHO HAD BEEN ESPECIALLY KIND 1516 01:26:06,361 --> 01:26:07,420 TO HEMINGWAY 1517 01:26:07,462 --> 01:26:08,725 AND WAS ONE OF LIVERIGHT'S 1518 01:26:08,764 --> 01:26:11,495 BEST-SELLING AUTHORS. 1519 01:26:11,533 --> 01:26:15,527 HADLEY THOUGHT THE PARODY OF ANDERSON "DETESTABLE," 1520 01:26:15,570 --> 01:26:18,472 BUT ANOTHER WOMAN'S OPINION HAD BEGUN TO MATTER 1521 01:26:18,507 --> 01:26:21,875 MORE TO HIM THAN HADLEY'S. 1522 01:26:21,910 --> 01:26:25,745 PAULINE PFEIFFER THOUGHT THE MANUSCRIPT WAS HILARIOUS, 1523 01:26:25,781 --> 01:26:29,274 FURTHER EVIDENCE OF ERNEST'S GENIUS. 1524 01:26:29,317 --> 01:26:32,845 SHE WAS WITTY, WEALTHY, WELL-READ, 1525 01:26:32,888 --> 01:26:35,824 A REPORTER COVERING PARIS FASHION FOR "VOGUE," 1526 01:26:35,857 --> 01:26:38,224 AND A PRACTICING CATHOLIC. 1527 01:26:38,260 --> 01:26:40,820 SHE HAD BECOME HADLEY'S FRIEND FIRST, 1528 01:26:40,862 --> 01:26:42,831 A FREQUENT VISITOR AT THE APARTMENT 1529 01:26:42,864 --> 01:26:45,595 ABOVE THE SAWMILL. 1530 01:26:45,634 --> 01:26:48,536 ERNEST INVITED PAULINE TO JOIN HIM AND HADLEY 1531 01:26:48,570 --> 01:26:50,971 FOR CHRISTMAS IN AUSTRIA. 1532 01:26:51,206 --> 01:26:53,607 "PAULINE WAS NICE TO ME," HADLEY RECALLED. 1533 01:26:53,642 --> 01:26:56,202 "SHE WANTED TO BE FRIENDS." 1534 01:26:56,244 --> 01:26:58,440 THEY TOOK TURNS PLAYING WITH BUMBY, 1535 01:26:58,480 --> 01:27:03,544 SKIED AND DRANK AND PLAYED BRIDGE TOGETHER EVERY EVENING, 1536 01:27:03,585 --> 01:27:07,283 BUT IN THE AFTERNOONS, IT WAS PAULINE, NOT HADLEY, 1537 01:27:07,322 --> 01:27:12,317 WHOM ERNEST TOOK FOR LONG WALKS THROUGH THE SNOW. 1538 01:27:12,360 --> 01:27:14,556 "SHE DIDN'T GO STRAIGHT FOR MY HUSBAND," 1539 01:27:14,596 --> 01:27:16,963 HADLEY RECALLED YEARS LATER, 1540 01:27:16,998 --> 01:27:20,526 "BUT ONCE SHE MADE UP HER MIND THAT HE WAS WHAT SHE WANTED, 1541 01:27:20,569 --> 01:27:23,403 "SHE WAS VERY AGGRESSIVE. 1542 01:27:23,438 --> 01:27:25,532 HE COULDN'T HELP HIMSELF." 1543 01:27:29,778 --> 01:27:33,237 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: TO REALLY LOVE TWO WOMEN AT THE SAME TIME, 1544 01:27:33,281 --> 01:27:37,651 TRULY LOVE THEM, IS THE MOST DESTRUCTIVE AND TERRIBLE THING 1545 01:27:37,686 --> 01:27:40,315 THAT CAN HAPPEN TO A MAN. 1546 01:27:40,355 --> 01:27:42,620 YOU DO THINGS THAT ARE IMPOSSIBLE, 1547 01:27:42,657 --> 01:27:45,422 AND WHEN YOU ARE WITH ONE, YOU LOVE HER, 1548 01:27:45,460 --> 01:27:48,396 AND WITH THE OTHER, YOU LOVE HER, 1549 01:27:48,430 --> 01:27:51,366 AND TOGETHER, YOU LOVE THEM BOTH. 1550 01:27:51,399 --> 01:27:54,631 YOU BREAK ALL PROMISES, AND YOU DO EVERYTHING YOU KNEW 1551 01:27:54,669 --> 01:27:58,470 THAT YOU COULD NEVER DO NOR WOULD WANT TO DO. 1552 01:27:58,507 --> 01:28:02,603 YOU LIE AND HATE IT, AND IT DESTROYS YOU, 1553 01:28:02,644 --> 01:28:05,478 AND EVERY DAY IS MORE DANGEROUS. 1554 01:28:05,514 --> 01:28:07,881 EVERYTHING IS SPLIT INSIDE OF YOU, 1555 01:28:07,916 --> 01:28:11,819 AND YOU LOVE TWO PEOPLE NOW INSTEAD OF ONE, 1556 01:28:11,853 --> 01:28:15,722 AND THE STRANGE PART IS THAT YOU ARE HAPPY. 1557 01:28:17,592 --> 01:28:19,026 WHEN HEMINGWAY SUBMITTED 1558 01:28:19,060 --> 01:28:21,723 "THE TORRENTS OF SPRING" TO HORACE LIVERIGHT, 1559 01:28:21,763 --> 01:28:27,395 THE PUBLISHER REJECTED IT RIGHT AWAY JUST AS ERNEST HAD HOPED. 1560 01:28:27,435 --> 01:28:30,997 HE WAS NOW FREE TO BRING IT AND "THE SUN ALSO RISES" 1561 01:28:31,039 --> 01:28:32,940 TO SCRIBNER'S. 1562 01:28:32,974 --> 01:28:38,504 IN JANUARY 1926, ERNEST MADE A 3-WEEK TRIP TO NEW YORK 1563 01:28:38,547 --> 01:28:42,917 TO MEET WITH HIS NEW EDITOR MAX PERKINS. 1564 01:28:42,951 --> 01:28:46,319 HADLEY AND BUMBY STAYED ON IN AUSTRIA. 1565 01:28:46,354 --> 01:28:48,755 AS SOON AS HER HUSBAND RETURNED TO FRANCE, 1566 01:28:48,790 --> 01:28:51,692 HADLEY EXPECTED HIM TO BOARD THE TRAIN 1567 01:28:51,726 --> 01:28:53,991 AND COME TO HER IN THE ALPS. 1568 01:28:54,029 --> 01:28:57,796 INSTEAD, HE WENT TO PARIS, TO PAULINE'S APARTMENT, 1569 01:28:57,833 --> 01:29:01,429 A DECISION THAT WOULD ONE DAY COME TO HAUNT HIM. 1570 01:29:05,874 --> 01:29:07,652 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: THE GIRL I WAS IN LOVE WITH 1571 01:29:07,676 --> 01:29:09,872 WAS IN PARIS NOW, AND I DID NOT TAKE 1572 01:29:09,911 --> 01:29:13,780 THE FIRST TRAIN OR THE SECOND OR THE THIRD, 1573 01:29:13,815 --> 01:29:16,444 AND WHERE WE WENT AND WHAT WE DID 1574 01:29:16,484 --> 01:29:20,717 AND THE UNBELIEVABLE WRENCHING, KICKING HAPPINESS, 1575 01:29:20,755 --> 01:29:24,089 THE SELFISHNESS AND TREACHERY OF EVERYTHING WE DID, 1576 01:29:24,125 --> 01:29:25,991 GAVE ME SUCH HAPPINESS 1577 01:29:26,027 --> 01:29:30,863 AND UNKILLABLE DREADFUL HAPPINESS 1578 01:29:30,899 --> 01:29:33,130 SO THAT THE BLACK REMORSE CAME 1579 01:29:33,368 --> 01:29:36,429 AND HATRED OF THE SIN AND NO CONTRITION, 1580 01:29:36,471 --> 01:29:39,999 ONLY A TERRIBLE REMORSE. 1581 01:29:40,041 --> 01:29:45,139 HE DID NOT GET TO HADLEY FOR 3 DAYS. 1582 01:29:45,380 --> 01:29:46,924 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: WHEN I SAW MY WIFE AGAIN 1583 01:29:46,948 --> 01:29:49,645 STANDING BY THE TRACKS AS THE TRAIN CAME IN 1584 01:29:49,684 --> 01:29:51,949 BY THE PILED LOGS AT THE STATION, 1585 01:29:51,987 --> 01:29:54,149 I WISHED I HAD DIED BEFORE I EVER LOVED 1586 01:29:54,389 --> 01:29:56,153 ANYONE BUT HER. 1587 01:29:56,391 --> 01:29:59,452 SHE WAS SMILING, THE SUN ON HER LOVELY FACE 1588 01:29:59,494 --> 01:30:03,932 TANNED BY THE SNOW AND SUN, BEAUTIFULLY BUILT, 1589 01:30:03,965 --> 01:30:06,457 HER HAIR RED GOLD IN THE SUN 1590 01:30:06,501 --> 01:30:09,835 AND MR. BUMBY STANDING WITH HER, BLONDE AND CHUNKY 1591 01:30:09,871 --> 01:30:13,103 AND WITH WINTER CHEEKS. 1592 01:30:13,141 --> 01:30:16,509 I LOVED HER, AND I LOVED NO ONE ELSE, 1593 01:30:16,544 --> 01:30:20,003 AND WE HAD A LOVELY MAGIC TIME WHILE WE WERE ALONE. 1594 01:30:20,048 --> 01:30:24,042 I WORKED WELL, AND WE MADE GREAT TRIPS, 1595 01:30:24,085 --> 01:30:27,544 AND IT WASN'T UNTIL WE WERE OUT OF THE MOUNTAINS IN LATE SPRING, 1596 01:30:27,589 --> 01:30:31,685 AND BACK IN PARIS THAT THE OTHER THING STARTED AGAIN. 1597 01:30:34,529 --> 01:30:36,725 ERNEST HOPED THAT THINGS COULD SOMEHOW 1598 01:30:36,765 --> 01:30:39,997 GO ON THAT WAY, STILL MARRIED TO HADLEY 1599 01:30:40,035 --> 01:30:43,494 BUT WITH HIS MISTRESS CONVENIENTLY AT HAND, 1600 01:30:43,538 --> 01:30:47,134 BUT PAULINE WAS NOT CONTENT TO REMAIN HIS MISTRESS. 1601 01:30:47,175 --> 01:30:50,509 SHE WAS DETERMINED TO BECOME HIS WIFE. 1602 01:30:51,846 --> 01:30:54,441 HADLEY CONFRONTED HER HUSBAND. 1603 01:30:54,482 --> 01:30:56,917 "WE HAD A TERRIFIC SCENE," SHE RECALLED. 1604 01:30:56,952 --> 01:30:59,854 ERNEST LASHED OUT AT HER. 1605 01:30:59,888 --> 01:31:03,586 IF ONLY SHE HADN'T BROUGHT UP HIS INFIDELITY, HE SAID, 1606 01:31:03,625 --> 01:31:06,220 THINGS COULD HAVE CONTINUED AS THEY WERE, 1607 01:31:06,461 --> 01:31:08,589 BUT NOW THAT SHE HAD BROKEN THE SPELL 1608 01:31:08,630 --> 01:31:11,600 THEIR LOVE WAS NO LONGER SAFE. 1609 01:31:11,633 --> 01:31:15,092 "IF I'D HAD ANY SENSE AT ALL," HADLEY REMEMBERED YEARS LATER, 1610 01:31:15,136 --> 01:31:17,037 "I'D HAVE LET HIM GO WITH PAULINE 1611 01:31:17,072 --> 01:31:18,768 "AND BURN HIMSELF OUT, 1612 01:31:18,807 --> 01:31:21,902 AND THEN WE COULD HAVE BEGUN AGAIN." 1613 01:31:21,943 --> 01:31:24,936 INSTEAD, IN SEPTEMBER, SHE SCRIBBLED OUT 1614 01:31:24,980 --> 01:31:27,575 A SORT OF CONTRACT IN PENCIL. 1615 01:31:27,615 --> 01:31:32,144 ERNEST AND PAULINE WOULD HAVE TO SPEND 100 DAYS APART, 1616 01:31:32,187 --> 01:31:35,680 AND AFTERWARDS IF THEY STILL WANTED ONE ANOTHER, 1617 01:31:35,724 --> 01:31:38,717 SHE WOULD GRANT HIM A DIVORCE. 1618 01:31:38,760 --> 01:31:43,198 ERNEST AND PAULINE AGREED TO ABIDE BY HER TERMS. 1619 01:31:43,231 --> 01:31:46,668 HE MOVED TO A FRIEND'S APARTMENT. 1620 01:31:46,701 --> 01:31:49,933 PAULINE SAILED FOR HOME. 1621 01:31:49,971 --> 01:31:52,668 HER MOTHER WAS INITIALLY APPALLED. 1622 01:31:52,707 --> 01:31:55,768 HER DAUGHTER HAD BROKEN UP HEMINGWAY'S MARRIAGE. 1623 01:31:55,810 --> 01:31:57,870 ERNEST WAS NOT A CATHOLIC. 1624 01:31:57,912 --> 01:32:01,610 A CHILD WAS INVOLVED. 1625 01:32:01,649 --> 01:32:05,745 ALONE IN PARIS, DEPRESSION AGAIN GRIPPED HEMINGWAY, 1626 01:32:05,787 --> 01:32:07,779 THIS TIME TINGED WITH GUILT 1627 01:32:07,822 --> 01:32:10,951 ABOUT WHAT HE WAS DOING TO HADLEY. 1628 01:32:10,992 --> 01:32:14,759 HE DRANK TOO MUCH, PICKED FIGHTS, COULDN'T SLEEP, 1629 01:32:14,796 --> 01:32:18,756 SOMEHOW CONVINCED HIMSELF THAT HE WAS THE VICTIM. 1630 01:32:21,603 --> 01:32:25,938 ONLY TWO MONTHS LATER, ON NOVEMBER 16, 1926, 1631 01:32:25,974 --> 01:32:28,739 HADLEY WROTE ERNEST THAT IF HE AND PAULINE 1632 01:32:28,777 --> 01:32:30,973 REALLY WANTED TO BE TOGETHER 1633 01:32:31,012 --> 01:32:34,676 SHE WOULD NO LONGER STAND IN THE WAY. 1634 01:32:34,716 --> 01:32:37,015 THEY WERE FREE TO MARRY. 1635 01:32:40,722 --> 01:32:42,033 WOMAN, AS RICHARDSON: THE ENTIRE PROBLEM BELONGS 1636 01:32:42,057 --> 01:32:44,617 TO YOU TWO. 1637 01:32:44,659 --> 01:32:48,790 I AM NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR FUTURE WELFARE. 1638 01:32:48,830 --> 01:32:51,629 I TOOK YOU ORIGINALLY FOR BETTER, FOR WORSE 1639 01:32:51,666 --> 01:32:55,228 AND MEANT IT! 1640 01:32:55,270 --> 01:32:58,672 BUT IN THE CASE OF YOUR MARRYING SOMEONE ELSE, 1641 01:32:58,706 --> 01:33:02,802 I CAN STAND BY MY VOW ONLY AS AN OUTSIDE FRIEND. 1642 01:33:05,880 --> 01:33:09,009 COME TO SEE BUMBY AS MUCH AS YOU WANT... 1643 01:33:09,050 --> 01:33:11,884 HE IS YOURS AS MUCH AS MINE... 1644 01:33:11,920 --> 01:33:13,855 AND TAKE HIM OUT SOMETIMES IF YOU FEEL LIKE 1645 01:33:13,888 --> 01:33:15,686 THAT KIND OF THING... 1646 01:33:15,723 --> 01:33:18,852 SO THAT HE WILL KNOW YOU ARE HIS REAL PAPA. 1647 01:33:21,896 --> 01:33:26,163 HADLEY AND BUMBY SOON SAILED FOR THE UNITED STATES. 1648 01:33:26,201 --> 01:33:33,005 ERNEST STAYED IN PARIS. PAULINE JOINED HIM. 1649 01:33:33,041 --> 01:33:35,704 MEANWHILE, SCRIBNER'S HAD FINALLY PUBLISHED 1650 01:33:35,743 --> 01:33:38,008 "THE SUN ALSO RISES." 1651 01:33:38,046 --> 01:33:41,016 EDMUND WILSON DECLARED IT THE BEST NOVEL WRITTEN 1652 01:33:41,049 --> 01:33:44,019 BY ANYONE OF HEMINGWAY'S GENERATION. 1653 01:33:44,052 --> 01:33:47,181 A REVIEWER FOR "THE ATLANTIC" SAID THAT HEMINGWAY 1654 01:33:47,222 --> 01:33:50,954 "WRITES AS IF HE HAD NEVER READ ANYBODY'S WRITING, 1655 01:33:50,992 --> 01:33:54,986 AS IF HE HAD FASHIONED THE ART OF WRITING HIMSELF." 1656 01:33:55,029 --> 01:33:57,760 THE BOOK SOLD WELL. 1657 01:33:57,799 --> 01:34:04,729 ITS AUTHOR INSISTED THAT ALL THE ROYALTIES GO TO HADLEY. 1658 01:34:04,772 --> 01:34:08,072 ON MAY 10, 1927, ERNEST HEMINGWAY 1659 01:34:08,109 --> 01:34:12,069 AND PAULINE PFEIFFER WERE MARRIED IN PARIS. 1660 01:34:12,113 --> 01:34:16,016 THERE WERE TWO CEREMONIES, ONE AT THE MAYOR'S OFFICE 1661 01:34:16,050 --> 01:34:19,316 AND A SECOND AT A CATHOLIC CHURCH. 1662 01:34:19,354 --> 01:34:22,290 THE PFEIFFER FAMILY HAD COME AROUND TO APPROVING PAULINE'S 1663 01:34:22,323 --> 01:34:24,849 DECISION TO MARRY HEMINGWAY. 1664 01:34:24,893 --> 01:34:28,386 HE NOW CLAIMED HE'D SECRETLY ALWAYS BEEN A CATHOLIC 1665 01:34:28,429 --> 01:34:31,661 BECAUSE A PRIEST HAD GIVEN HIM EXTREME UNCTION 1666 01:34:31,699 --> 01:34:33,861 AFTER HE WAS WOUNDED. 1667 01:34:33,902 --> 01:34:37,930 SINCE HIS FIRST MARRIAGE HAD TAKEN PLACE OUTSIDE THE CHURCH, 1668 01:34:37,972 --> 01:34:40,771 THE CHURCH DID NOT RECOGNIZE IT. 1669 01:34:40,808 --> 01:34:43,778 HADLEY HAD NEVER REALLY BEEN HIS WIFE, 1670 01:34:43,811 --> 01:34:48,112 AND, BY EXTENSION, BUMBY WAS ILLEGITIMATE. 1671 01:34:50,251 --> 01:34:52,811 HEMINGWAY HOPED TO LIVE THE SAME KIND OF LIFE 1672 01:34:52,854 --> 01:34:55,949 WITH PAULINE THAT HE HAD LED WITH HADLEY... 1673 01:34:55,990 --> 01:34:59,358 PARIS CAFÉS, BULLFIGHTS, SKIING... 1674 01:34:59,394 --> 01:35:03,957 AND DREAMED OF HAVING ONE LITERARY SUCCESS AFTER ANOTHER, 1675 01:35:03,998 --> 01:35:08,299 BUT THINGS DIDN'T GO QUITE AS PLANNED. 1676 01:35:08,336 --> 01:35:11,363 HE STARTED A NOVEL ABOUT A FATHER AND SON, 1677 01:35:11,406 --> 01:35:14,103 ONLY TO ABANDON IT. 1678 01:35:14,142 --> 01:35:18,170 A NEW BOOK OF 14 SHORT STORIES, "MEN WITHOUT WOMEN," 1679 01:35:18,213 --> 01:35:20,409 DID NOT SELL AS WELL AS HE LIKED, 1680 01:35:20,448 --> 01:35:22,974 AND THERE WERE MIXED REVIEWS. 1681 01:35:23,017 --> 01:35:26,010 SOME READERS WERE PUT OFF BY ITS THEMES, 1682 01:35:26,054 --> 01:35:31,789 INCLUDING HOMOSEXUALITY, INFIDELITY, AND DIVORCE. 1683 01:35:31,826 --> 01:35:34,352 AS ALWAYS, HEMINGWAY TRIED TO MAKE HIS CHARACTERS 1684 01:35:34,395 --> 01:35:38,059 SPEAK PRECISELY AS HIS CONTEMPORARIES SPOKE, 1685 01:35:38,099 --> 01:35:41,365 INCLUDING THEIR USE OF RACIAL EPITHETS. 1686 01:35:43,805 --> 01:35:46,297 WHY USE THE N-WORD MULTIPLE TIMES? 1687 01:35:49,110 --> 01:35:51,079 HEMINGWAY KNOWS THAT IT'S PROBABLY ONE 1688 01:35:51,112 --> 01:35:53,047 OF THE MOST OFFENSIVE WORDS HE COULD HAVE USED, 1689 01:35:53,081 --> 01:35:55,243 EVEN AT THIS TIME. 1690 01:35:55,283 --> 01:35:57,047 COULD YOU MAKE A CASE FOR HEMINGWAY 1691 01:35:57,085 --> 01:36:00,783 BEING PREJUDICIAL IN HIS LIFE, IN HIS WRITING? 1692 01:36:00,822 --> 01:36:03,417 ABSOLUTELY, YOU COULD, BUT, AT THE SAME TIME, 1693 01:36:03,458 --> 01:36:05,791 YOU COULD PEEL BACK THE LAYERS, AND YOU CAN GET A SENSE 1694 01:36:05,827 --> 01:36:10,925 OF A MAN TRYING TO CONVEY A SENSE OF HIS TIME. 1695 01:36:10,965 --> 01:36:13,525 THAT'S NOT AN EXCUSE FOR HIM. 1696 01:36:13,768 --> 01:36:17,466 I DON'T THINK YOU CAN DRY CLEAN HEMINGWAY 1697 01:36:17,505 --> 01:36:22,341 INTO SOMEBODY WHO FITS INTO WHAT WE NOW CONSIDER 1698 01:36:22,377 --> 01:36:26,314 SOCIALLY AND POLITICALLY ACCEPTABLE MUCH OF THE TIME. 1699 01:36:26,347 --> 01:36:29,249 "MEN WITHOUT WOMEN" ALSO INCLUDED A STORY 1700 01:36:29,284 --> 01:36:35,417 THAT IS AMONG HIS MASTERPIECES "HILLS LIKE WHITE ELEPHANTS." 1701 01:36:35,456 --> 01:36:39,450 IN IT, A COUPLE WAITING IN A SMALL SPANISH TRAIN STATION 1702 01:36:39,494 --> 01:36:43,431 DISCUSS WHETHER OR NOT THE WOMAN WILL HAVE AN ABORTION 1703 01:36:43,464 --> 01:36:46,957 WITHOUT EVER MENTIONING THE WORD. 1704 01:36:47,001 --> 01:36:49,869 WHAT'S NOT SAID IS SO WONDERFUL. 1705 01:36:49,904 --> 01:36:55,002 SOMEHOW, THE WHOLE RELATIONSHIP, WHICH WILL BE FOREVER SHADOWED, 1706 01:36:55,043 --> 01:36:57,877 IF NOT TO SAY DESTROYED, BY THIS, 1707 01:36:57,912 --> 01:37:01,349 YOU GET A PICTURE OF IT 1708 01:37:01,382 --> 01:37:05,114 WITHOUT HIM SPELLING OUT THE WORDS. 1709 01:37:05,153 --> 01:37:07,019 YOU SEE, THAT'S WHAT HE DID. 1710 01:37:07,055 --> 01:37:10,048 THAT EVASION THAT HE MASTERED 1711 01:37:10,091 --> 01:37:13,926 AND THAT CONTROL THAT HE MASTERED 1712 01:37:13,961 --> 01:37:19,332 IS ONE OF HIS SIGNATURE STROKES OF GENIUS. 1713 01:37:19,367 --> 01:37:21,007 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: "IT'S REALLY AN AWFULLY 1714 01:37:21,035 --> 01:37:23,971 SIMPLE OPERATION, JIG," THE MAN SAID. 1715 01:37:24,005 --> 01:37:26,839 "IT'S NOT REALLY AN OPERATION AT ALL." 1716 01:37:26,874 --> 01:37:31,005 THE GIRL LOOKED AT THE GROUND THE TABLE LEGS RESTED ON. 1717 01:37:31,045 --> 01:37:33,276 "I KNOW YOU WOULDN'T MIND IT, JIG. 1718 01:37:33,314 --> 01:37:35,146 "IT'S REALLY NOT ANYTHING. 1719 01:37:35,183 --> 01:37:38,347 IT'S JUST TO LET THE AIR IN." 1720 01:37:38,386 --> 01:37:40,446 THE GIRL DID NOT SAY ANYTHING. 1721 01:37:40,488 --> 01:37:42,480 "I'LL GO WITH YOU, AND I'LL STAY WITH YOU 1722 01:37:42,523 --> 01:37:44,082 "ALL THE TIME. 1723 01:37:44,125 --> 01:37:45,525 "THEY JUST LET THE AIR IN, 1724 01:37:45,560 --> 01:37:47,961 AND THEN IT'S ALL PERFECTLY NATURAL." 1725 01:37:47,995 --> 01:37:50,590 "THEN WHAT WILL WE DO AFTERWARD?" 1726 01:37:50,631 --> 01:37:52,190 "WE'LL BE FINE AFTERWARD. 1727 01:37:52,233 --> 01:37:54,327 JUST LIKE WE WERE BEFORE." 1728 01:37:54,369 --> 01:37:56,964 "WHAT MAKES YOU THINK SO?" 1729 01:37:57,004 --> 01:38:00,031 "THAT'S THE ONLY THING THAT BOTHERS US. 1730 01:38:00,074 --> 01:38:03,238 IT'S THE ONLY THING THAT'S MADE US UNHAPPY." 1731 01:38:05,446 --> 01:38:08,382 HE KNOWS WHAT HE WANTS. 1732 01:38:08,416 --> 01:38:11,113 HE WANTS ONE THING, IT'S "GET RID OF THIS THING," 1733 01:38:11,152 --> 01:38:12,916 BUT HE CAN'T TELL HER THAT. 1734 01:38:12,954 --> 01:38:17,016 SO HE SAYS, "I ONLY WANT WHAT YOU WANT." 1735 01:38:17,058 --> 01:38:19,425 HE SAYS, "I'LL DO WHATEVER YOU SAY. 1736 01:38:19,460 --> 01:38:21,588 DON'T DO ANYTHING THAT YOU DON'T WANT TO DO," 1737 01:38:21,629 --> 01:38:25,930 BUT HE'S PUSHING AND PUSHING AND PUSHING AND PUSHING. 1738 01:38:25,967 --> 01:38:29,199 IT IS PAINFUL TO WATCH THIS GOING ON. 1739 01:38:29,237 --> 01:38:32,639 IT IS RECOGNIZABLE FOR MOST WOMEN 1740 01:38:32,673 --> 01:38:35,233 TO... EVEN IF IT'S NOT THE SITUATION... 1741 01:38:35,276 --> 01:38:41,216 THE PUSHING, THE INSISTENCE, THE MASCULINE ASSERTION, 1742 01:38:41,249 --> 01:38:45,550 AND THEN, SHE FINALLY SAYS... AND THIS IS, I THINK, 1743 01:38:45,586 --> 01:38:49,455 ONE OF GREAT UNDERSTATED SENTENCES... 1744 01:38:49,490 --> 01:38:57,490 SHE SAYS TO HIM, "WOULD YOU PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE 1745 01:38:58,499 --> 01:39:05,030 PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE STOP TALKING?" 1746 01:39:06,607 --> 01:39:09,668 WE DON'T KNOW WHAT SHE'S GOING TO DECIDE. 1747 01:39:09,710 --> 01:39:13,044 SHE'S... MAYBE TO KEEP THE RELATIONSHIP, 1748 01:39:13,080 --> 01:39:15,049 SHE WILL DO WHAT HE SAYS, 1749 01:39:15,082 --> 01:39:18,211 BUT IF SHE DOES THAT, THE RELATIONSHIP IS OVER. 1750 01:39:18,252 --> 01:39:23,452 MAYBE SHE WILL KEEP IT AND JUST BE WITH HERSELF AND THE BABY. 1751 01:39:23,491 --> 01:39:25,687 MAYBE SHE WILL GET RID OF THE BABY 1752 01:39:25,726 --> 01:39:27,490 AND CARRY ON HER LIFE. 1753 01:39:27,528 --> 01:39:31,226 WHATEVER SHE DOES, HER LIFE WILL BE DIFFERENT. 1754 01:39:31,265 --> 01:39:33,131 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: HE DRANK AN ANIS AT THE BAR 1755 01:39:33,167 --> 01:39:35,466 AND LOOKED AT THE PEOPLE. 1756 01:39:35,503 --> 01:39:38,598 THEY WERE ALL WAITING REASONABLY FOR THE TRAIN. 1757 01:39:41,309 --> 01:39:44,438 HE WENT OUT THROUGH THE BEAD CURTAIN. 1758 01:39:44,479 --> 01:39:48,348 SHE WAS SITTING AT THE TABLE AND SMILED AT HIM. 1759 01:39:48,382 --> 01:39:51,443 "DO YOU FEEL BETTER?" HE ASKED. 1760 01:39:51,486 --> 01:39:53,478 "I FEEL FINE," SHE SAID. 1761 01:39:53,521 --> 01:39:55,615 "THERE'S NOTHING WRONG WITH ME. 1762 01:39:55,656 --> 01:39:58,091 I FEEL FINE." 1763 01:40:04,499 --> 01:40:06,297 IN MARCH OF 1928, 1764 01:40:06,334 --> 01:40:10,066 HEMINGWAY AND PAULINE LEFT FRANCE. 1765 01:40:10,104 --> 01:40:12,369 SHE WAS PREGNANT NOW, AND THEY WANTED TO HAVE 1766 01:40:12,406 --> 01:40:15,069 THEIR BABY IN THE UNITED STATES. 1767 01:40:15,109 --> 01:40:16,543 HEMINGWAY WAS RECOVERING 1768 01:40:16,577 --> 01:40:19,547 FROM A SECOND SERIOUS HEAD INJURY CAUSED 1769 01:40:19,580 --> 01:40:23,176 WHEN HE ACCIDENTALLY PULLED A SKYLIGHT DOWN ON HIS HEAD, 1770 01:40:23,217 --> 01:40:26,051 LEAVING A PERMANENT SCAR, 1771 01:40:26,087 --> 01:40:28,056 BUT HE HAD BEGUN A NEW NOVEL, 1772 01:40:28,089 --> 01:40:31,355 A STORY ABOUT A WOUNDED SOLDIER WHO FALLS IN LOVE 1773 01:40:31,392 --> 01:40:34,487 WITH THE NURSE WHO CARES FOR HIM. 1774 01:40:34,529 --> 01:40:38,091 THE HEMINGWAYS RENTED A HOUSE IN KEY WEST, FLORIDA, 1775 01:40:38,132 --> 01:40:40,226 WHERE ERNEST ENJOYED OCEAN FISHING 1776 01:40:40,268 --> 01:40:42,134 FOR THE FIRST TIME. 1777 01:40:44,505 --> 01:40:46,599 THEY THEN MOVED TO PAULINE'S PARENTS' HOME 1778 01:40:46,641 --> 01:40:50,373 IN PIGGOTT, ARKANSAS, AS THE BABY'S ARRIVAL NEARED, 1779 01:40:50,411 --> 01:40:56,112 AND SPENT A MONTH IN KANSAS CITY WHERE, ON JUNE 28, 1928, 1780 01:40:56,150 --> 01:40:59,484 PATRICK HEMINGWAY WAS BORN BY CAESARIAN SECTION 1781 01:40:59,520 --> 01:41:02,319 AFTER A DIFFICULT LABOR. 1782 01:41:02,356 --> 01:41:07,226 THEY RETURNED TO ARKANSAS TOGETHER, 1783 01:41:07,261 --> 01:41:10,493 BUT THEN HEMINGWAY HEADED WEST ALONE, 1784 01:41:10,531 --> 01:41:13,831 WRITING AS HE WENT, WORKING AND REWORKING 1785 01:41:14,068 --> 01:41:16,799 THE BOOK THAT NOW CONSUMED HIM. 1786 01:41:16,837 --> 01:41:21,172 IT WOULD BE CALLED "A FAREWELL TO ARMS." 1787 01:41:23,110 --> 01:41:25,204 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: I REMEMBER LIVING IN THE BOOK 1788 01:41:25,246 --> 01:41:28,683 AND MAKING UP WHAT HAPPENED IN IT EVERY DAY. 1789 01:41:28,716 --> 01:41:30,480 MAKING THE COUNTRY AND THE PEOPLE 1790 01:41:30,518 --> 01:41:32,851 AND THE THINGS THAT HAPPENED, 1791 01:41:33,087 --> 01:41:36,615 I WAS HAPPIER THAN I HAD EVER BEEN. 1792 01:41:36,657 --> 01:41:39,525 EACH DAY I READ THE BOOK THROUGH FROM THE BEGINNING 1793 01:41:39,560 --> 01:41:42,394 TO THE POINT WHERE I WENT ON WRITING, 1794 01:41:42,430 --> 01:41:45,832 AND EACH DAY I STOPPED WHEN I WAS STILL GOING GOOD 1795 01:41:45,866 --> 01:41:48,301 AND WHEN I KNEW WHAT WOULD HAPPEN NEXT. 1796 01:41:52,773 --> 01:41:55,766 IN THE LATE SUMMER OF THAT YEAR, WE LIVED IN A HOUSE 1797 01:41:55,810 --> 01:41:58,279 IN A VILLAGE THAT LOOKED ACROSS THE RIVER 1798 01:41:58,312 --> 01:42:01,544 AND THE PLAIN TO THE MOUNTAINS. 1799 01:42:01,582 --> 01:42:04,882 IN THE BED OF THE RIVER, THERE WERE PEBBLES AND BOULDERS, 1800 01:42:05,119 --> 01:42:07,384 DRY AND WHITE IN THE SUN, 1801 01:42:07,421 --> 01:42:09,788 AND THE WATER WAS CLEAR AND SWIFTLY MOVING 1802 01:42:09,824 --> 01:42:12,692 AND BLUE IN THE CHANNELS. 1803 01:42:12,727 --> 01:42:15,822 TROOPS WENT BY THE HOUSE AND DOWN THE ROAD... 1804 01:42:15,863 --> 01:42:17,574 AND THE DUST THEY RAISED 1805 01:42:17,598 --> 01:42:19,897 POWDERED THE LEAVES OF THE TREES. 1806 01:42:20,134 --> 01:42:21,693 THE TRUNKS OF THE TREES, TOO... 1807 01:42:21,736 --> 01:42:23,500 "WERE DUSTY, 1808 01:42:23,537 --> 01:42:26,200 "AND THE LEAVES FELL EARLY THAT YEAR, 1809 01:42:26,240 --> 01:42:29,267 "AND WE SAW THE TROOPS MARCHING ALONG THE ROAD 1810 01:42:29,310 --> 01:42:32,303 "AND THE DUST RISING AND LEAVES, 1811 01:42:32,346 --> 01:42:34,611 "STIRRED BY THE BREEZE, FALLING 1812 01:42:34,649 --> 01:42:36,140 "AND THE SOLDIERS MARCHING 1813 01:42:36,183 --> 01:42:40,348 "AND AFTERWARDS THE ROAD BARE 1814 01:42:40,388 --> 01:42:46,521 AND WHITE EXCEPT FOR THE LEAVES." 1815 01:42:46,560 --> 01:42:49,291 I READ THAT PARAGRAPH, AND I WANT TO CRY. 1816 01:42:49,330 --> 01:42:52,198 IT'S INCREDIBLY BEAUTIFUL. 1817 01:42:52,233 --> 01:42:56,796 HE BROKE EVERY RULE, ALL THE REPETITION. 1818 01:42:56,837 --> 01:43:02,333 IN 4 SENTENCES, THE WORD "AND" 15 TIMES. 1819 01:43:02,376 --> 01:43:07,474 WHAT'S GOING ON IS JUST AN UNFORGETTABLE DISPLAY 1820 01:43:07,515 --> 01:43:10,610 OF RHYTHMIC MASTERY. 1821 01:43:10,651 --> 01:43:15,612 THERE'S A KIND... ALMOST A KIND OF HYPNOSIS, AN INCANTATION 1822 01:43:15,656 --> 01:43:18,785 THAT I THINK IS ABOUT THE FRAME OF MIND 1823 01:43:18,826 --> 01:43:21,455 THAT YOU'RE GOING INTO THE WAR WITH. 1824 01:43:28,536 --> 01:43:31,370 BY RELISTENING TO BACH 1825 01:43:31,405 --> 01:43:33,772 AND BY RECOGNIZING THE REPETITION 1826 01:43:33,808 --> 01:43:37,643 OF PARTICULAR NOTES IN BACH, 1827 01:43:37,678 --> 01:43:42,673 THAT THAT WAS INSPIRATION FOR WRITING "A FAREWELL TO ARMS." 1828 01:43:44,785 --> 01:43:48,449 UNLIKE "THE SUN ALSO RISES," 1829 01:43:48,489 --> 01:43:52,256 "A FAREWELL TO ARMS" WAS EXPLICITLY ABOUT THE GREAT WAR. 1830 01:43:52,293 --> 01:43:55,263 ITS PROTAGONIST LIEUTENANT FREDERIC HENRY 1831 01:43:55,296 --> 01:43:59,700 IS AN AMERICAN AMBULANCE DRIVER ATTACHED TO THE ITALIAN ARMY, 1832 01:43:59,734 --> 01:44:02,727 WHO IS WOUNDED AND FALLS IN LOVE WITH A NURSE 1833 01:44:02,770 --> 01:44:05,968 NAMED CATHERINE BARKLEY, WHO IS MOURNING A LOVER 1834 01:44:06,006 --> 01:44:09,465 KILLED IN THE WAR. 1835 01:44:09,510 --> 01:44:12,947 DRAWN FROM HIS OWN EXPERIENCES, THE STORIES HE HEARD, 1836 01:44:12,980 --> 01:44:16,508 AND HIS OWN DOGGED RESEARCH, THE BOOK'S DISILLUSIONMENT 1837 01:44:16,550 --> 01:44:19,918 WITH THE WAR WOULD SPEAK TO... AND FOR... 1838 01:44:19,954 --> 01:44:22,253 THOSE WHO HAD LIVED THROUGH IT. 1839 01:44:26,894 --> 01:44:28,624 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: I WAS ALWAYS EMBARRASSED 1840 01:44:28,662 --> 01:44:33,396 BY THE WORDS SACRED, GLORIOUS, AND SACRIFICE 1841 01:44:33,434 --> 01:44:36,404 AND THE EXPRESSION "IN VAIN." 1842 01:44:38,506 --> 01:44:40,737 WE HAD HEARD THEM, SOMETIMES STANDING 1843 01:44:40,775 --> 01:44:42,869 IN THE RAIN ALMOST OUT OF EARSHOT, 1844 01:44:42,910 --> 01:44:45,880 SO THAT ONLY THE SHOUTED WORDS CAME THROUGH, 1845 01:44:45,913 --> 01:44:48,348 AND HAD READ THEM ON PROCLAMATIONS 1846 01:44:48,382 --> 01:44:50,044 THAT WERE SLAPPED UP BY BILLPOSTERS 1847 01:44:50,284 --> 01:44:54,312 OVER OTHER PROCLAMATIONS, NOW FOR A LONG TIME... 1848 01:44:56,457 --> 01:44:58,619 AND I HAD SEEN NOTHING SACRED, 1849 01:44:58,659 --> 01:45:01,959 AND THE THINGS THAT WERE GLORIOUS HAD NO GLORY, 1850 01:45:01,996 --> 01:45:04,625 AND THE SACRIFICES WERE LIKE THE STOCKYARDS 1851 01:45:04,665 --> 01:45:06,964 AT CHICAGO IF NOTHING WAS DONE 1852 01:45:07,001 --> 01:45:09,937 WITH THE MEAT EXCEPT TO BURY IT. 1853 01:45:09,970 --> 01:45:13,668 THERE WERE MANY WORDS THAT YOU COULD NOT STAND TO HEAR, 1854 01:45:13,707 --> 01:45:17,610 AND FINALLY ONLY THE NAMES OF PLACES HAD DIGNITY. 1855 01:45:19,480 --> 01:45:23,349 CERTAIN NUMBERS WERE THE SAME WAY AND CERTAIN DATES, 1856 01:45:23,384 --> 01:45:26,081 AND THESE WITH THE NAMES OF THE PLACES WERE 1857 01:45:26,320 --> 01:45:30,451 ALL YOU COULD SAY AND HAVE THEM MEAN ANYTHING. 1858 01:45:32,560 --> 01:45:35,860 I DON'T KNOW OF ANYONE UP TO THAT POINT 1859 01:45:35,896 --> 01:45:39,856 WHO HAD SAID THAT THAT WELL 1860 01:45:39,900 --> 01:45:44,964 BECAUSE WE CAN'T SEEM TO STOP USING THAT KIND OF LANGUAGE 1861 01:45:45,005 --> 01:45:46,940 ABOUT WAR, 1862 01:45:46,974 --> 01:45:51,969 AND IT IS OUR DUTY ALWAYS TO PUNCTURE IT, 1863 01:45:52,012 --> 01:45:56,814 BUT NO ONE HAS EVER DONE IT THIS ELOQUENTLY. 1864 01:45:56,851 --> 01:46:01,016 THE ACCUMULATING WEIGHT OF THOSE SENTENCES 1865 01:46:01,055 --> 01:46:04,719 AND THE EMOTION, THE DISGUST, 1866 01:46:04,758 --> 01:46:09,492 AND ALSO THE REVERENCE FOR WHAT HAS BEEN, IN FACT, DONE, 1867 01:46:09,530 --> 01:46:11,465 THE DIGNITY OF THOSE PLACES 1868 01:46:11,498 --> 01:46:14,366 THAT GATHER IN THOSE SENTENCES AS THEY GO ON, 1869 01:46:14,401 --> 01:46:18,031 IT'S JUST BEAUTIFUL. 1870 01:46:18,072 --> 01:46:20,940 IN THE NOVEL, LIEUTENANT HENRY DESERTS 1871 01:46:20,975 --> 01:46:25,071 AND FLEES TO NEUTRAL SWITZERLAND WITH CATHERINE BARKLEY. 1872 01:46:25,112 --> 01:46:27,479 THEY HOPE TO MARRY AND BUILD A LIFE TOGETHER 1873 01:46:27,514 --> 01:46:29,915 ONCE THE WAR IS OVER. 1874 01:46:29,950 --> 01:46:33,478 SHE IS PREGNANT, BUT SOMETHING GOES 1875 01:46:33,520 --> 01:46:36,581 TERRIBLY WRONG IN THE DELIVERY ROOM. 1876 01:46:36,624 --> 01:46:39,116 DOCTORS PERFORM A CAESARIAN. 1877 01:46:39,159 --> 01:46:41,890 THE BABY IS STILLBORN. 1878 01:46:41,929 --> 01:46:45,525 CATHERINE'S LIFE EBBS AWAY. 1879 01:46:47,635 --> 01:46:50,161 HEMINGWAY AGONIZED OVER THE ENDING, 1880 01:46:50,404 --> 01:46:53,704 WRITING 47 VERSIONS OF THE FINAL PAGES 1881 01:46:53,741 --> 01:46:56,506 BEFORE HE WAS SATISFIED. 1882 01:46:56,543 --> 01:47:04,543 ♪ 1883 01:47:17,031 --> 01:47:19,967 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: I WENT TO THE DOOR OF THE ROOM. 1884 01:47:20,000 --> 01:47:23,459 "YOU CAN'T COME IN NOW," ONE OF THE NURSES SAID. 1885 01:47:23,504 --> 01:47:26,440 "YES I CAN," I SAID. 1886 01:47:26,473 --> 01:47:28,999 "YOU CAN'T COME IN YET." 1887 01:47:29,043 --> 01:47:30,636 "YOU GET OUT," I SAID. 1888 01:47:30,678 --> 01:47:34,672 "THE OTHER ONE TOO." 1889 01:47:34,715 --> 01:47:37,514 BUT AFTER I HAD GOT THEM OUT AND SHUT THE DOOR 1890 01:47:37,551 --> 01:47:42,080 AND TURNED OFF THE LIGHT, IT WASN'T ANY GOOD. 1891 01:47:42,122 --> 01:47:45,115 IT WAS LIKE SAYING GOODBYE TO A STATUE. 1892 01:47:47,962 --> 01:47:52,161 AFTER A WHILE, I WENT OUT AND LEFT THE HOSPITAL 1893 01:47:52,199 --> 01:47:55,863 AND WALKED BACK TO THE HOTEL IN THE RAIN. 1894 01:47:59,807 --> 01:48:01,969 PARTS OF "A FAREWELL TO ARMS" 1895 01:48:02,009 --> 01:48:04,808 COULD HAVE BEEN WRITTEN BY A WOMAN. 1896 01:48:04,845 --> 01:48:07,713 NOW, I REGARD THAT AS A COMPLIMENT. 1897 01:48:07,748 --> 01:48:10,217 HEMINGWAY MIGHT REGARD IT AS AN INSULT, 1898 01:48:10,250 --> 01:48:15,882 BUT I DON'T BECAUSE IT IS THE ANDROGYNY 1899 01:48:15,923 --> 01:48:20,827 IN A MAN OR A WOMAN THAT ALLOWS THEM, EVEN IF BRIEFLY, 1900 01:48:20,861 --> 01:48:23,626 NOT UTTERLY, TO BE ABLE TO PUT THEMSELVES 1901 01:48:23,664 --> 01:48:27,533 INSIDE THE SKIN OF THE OPPOSITE THING. 1902 01:48:27,568 --> 01:48:30,732 IN MANY WAYS, I THINK IT'S HIS GREATEST NOVEL. 1903 01:48:30,771 --> 01:48:34,037 I DO. IT'S THE TRUEST. 1904 01:48:34,074 --> 01:48:36,908 IT'S ALSO HEARTBREAKING. 1905 01:48:36,944 --> 01:48:41,279 I REMEMBER CRYING AND CRYING AND CRYING. 1906 01:48:41,515 --> 01:48:45,577 HE GETS THE... ALL THE... THE "BOY" STUFF, 1907 01:48:45,619 --> 01:48:46,882 THE "MAN" STUFF. 1908 01:48:46,920 --> 01:48:48,946 HE GETS THE HORROR OF THE WAR, 1909 01:48:48,989 --> 01:48:52,016 BUT WHEN PEOPLE PUT THAT BOOK DOWN, 1910 01:48:52,059 --> 01:48:54,153 WHAT DO THEY REMEMBER? 1911 01:48:54,194 --> 01:48:57,631 THEY REMEMBER A WOMAN DYING IN CHILDBIRTH. 1912 01:48:59,600 --> 01:49:01,544 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: IF PEOPLE BRING SO MUCH COURAGE 1913 01:49:01,568 --> 01:49:04,299 TO THIS WORLD, THE WORLD HAS TO KILL THEM 1914 01:49:04,538 --> 01:49:06,097 TO BREAK THEM, 1915 01:49:06,140 --> 01:49:10,305 SO OF COURSE IT KILLS THEM. 1916 01:49:10,544 --> 01:49:13,207 THE WORLD BREAKS EVERYONE, AND AFTERWARD, 1917 01:49:13,247 --> 01:49:17,685 MANY ARE STRONG AT THE BROKEN PLACES, 1918 01:49:17,718 --> 01:49:21,849 BUT THOSE THAT WILL NOT BREAK IT KILLS. 1919 01:49:21,889 --> 01:49:24,688 IT KILLS THE VERY GOOD AND THE VERY GENTLE 1920 01:49:24,725 --> 01:49:28,719 AND THE VERY BRAVE IMPARTIALLY. 1921 01:49:28,762 --> 01:49:31,061 IF YOU ARE NONE OF THESE, YOU CAN BE SURE 1922 01:49:31,098 --> 01:49:33,226 IT WILL KILL YOU, TOO, 1923 01:49:33,267 --> 01:49:35,862 BUT THERE WILL BE NO SPECIAL HURRY. 1924 01:49:42,309 --> 01:49:44,869 IN THE LATE FALL OF 1928, 1925 01:49:44,912 --> 01:49:49,350 HEMINGWAY'S FATHER'S LIFE WAS SPIRALING SLOWLY DOWNWARD. 1926 01:49:49,583 --> 01:49:53,918 THE ANXIETY THAT HAD ALWAYS HAUNTED HIM INTENSIFIED. 1927 01:49:53,954 --> 01:49:56,856 HIS PERIODS OF DEPRESSION LENGTHENED. 1928 01:49:56,890 --> 01:49:59,826 HE SEEMED SUSPICIOUS OF EVERYONE AROUND HIM 1929 01:49:59,860 --> 01:50:02,955 AND UNABLE TO SHAKE A SENSE OF DREAD. 1930 01:50:05,365 --> 01:50:09,166 ON DECEMBER 6, ED HEMINGWAY CAME HOME AT NOON, 1931 01:50:09,203 --> 01:50:12,037 BURNED SOME PERSONAL PAPERS IN THE BASEMENT, 1932 01:50:12,072 --> 01:50:15,372 TOLD HIS WIFE HE THOUGHT HE'D LIE DOWN BEFORE LUNCH, 1933 01:50:15,609 --> 01:50:19,637 AND CLIMBED THE STAIRS TO HIS BEDROOM. 1934 01:50:19,680 --> 01:50:25,642 THEN HE SHOT HIMSELF WITH HIS FATHER'S CIVIL WAR REVOLVER. 1935 01:50:27,621 --> 01:50:29,749 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: MY FATHER WAS A COWARD. 1936 01:50:29,790 --> 01:50:32,783 HE SHOT HIMSELF WITHOUT NECESSITY. 1937 01:50:32,826 --> 01:50:35,022 AT LEAST I THOUGHT SO. 1938 01:50:35,062 --> 01:50:39,329 I HAD GONE THROUGH IT MYSELF UNTIL I FIGURED IT IN MY HEAD. 1939 01:50:39,366 --> 01:50:41,835 I KNEW WHAT IT WAS TO BE A COWARD 1940 01:50:41,869 --> 01:50:45,203 AND WHAT IT WAS TO CEASE BEING A COWARD. 1941 01:50:47,307 --> 01:50:50,835 ERNEST PROMISED TO PAY HIS MOTHER A MONTHLY STIPEND, 1942 01:50:50,878 --> 01:50:52,779 BUT HE WOULD PRIVATELY BLAME HER 1943 01:50:52,813 --> 01:50:56,944 FOR DRIVING HIS FATHER TO SUICIDE. 1944 01:50:56,984 --> 01:50:58,261 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: I HATED MY MOTHER 1945 01:50:58,285 --> 01:51:00,151 AS SOON AS I KNEW THE SCORE 1946 01:51:00,187 --> 01:51:02,213 AND LOVED MY FATHER UNTIL HE EMBARRASSED ME 1947 01:51:02,256 --> 01:51:04,350 WITH HIS COWARDICE. 1948 01:51:04,391 --> 01:51:08,192 MY MOTHER IS AN ALL-TIME, ALL-AMERICAN BITCH, 1949 01:51:08,228 --> 01:51:10,823 AND SHE WOULD MAKE A PACK MULE SHOOT HIMSELF, 1950 01:51:10,864 --> 01:51:14,301 LET ALONE POOR BLOODY FATHER. 1951 01:51:14,334 --> 01:51:17,668 I THINK HEMINGWAY, AMONG HIS MANY, MANY FEARS, 1952 01:51:17,704 --> 01:51:21,106 WAS TERRIFIED "WILL THAT HAPPEN TO ME? 1953 01:51:21,141 --> 01:51:24,111 WILL I BECOME MY FATHER?" 1954 01:51:24,144 --> 01:51:30,778 IN THIS CHRISTIAN, MIDWESTERN, SUBURBAN ILLINOIS FAMILY 1955 01:51:30,817 --> 01:51:35,187 OF A UNIT OF 8, OF 2 PARENTS 1956 01:51:35,222 --> 01:51:37,782 AND 6 CHILDREN... 1957 01:51:37,824 --> 01:51:43,263 4, AT LEAST 4 DESTROYED THEMSELVES BY THEIR OWN HAND, 1958 01:51:43,297 --> 01:51:45,789 4 OUT OF THE 8. 1959 01:51:50,304 --> 01:51:54,173 IN SEPTEMBER OF 1929, "A FAREWELL TO ARMS" 1960 01:51:54,208 --> 01:51:56,439 WAS PUBLISHED. 1961 01:51:56,476 --> 01:52:01,278 THE REACTION WAS EVERYTHING HEMINGWAY HAD HOPED FOR. 1962 01:52:01,315 --> 01:52:06,117 "SCRIBNER'S" MAGAZINE HAD PAID $16,000 TO SERIALIZE IT... 1963 01:52:06,153 --> 01:52:10,181 MORE THAN IT HAD EVER PAID ANYONE BEFORE... 1964 01:52:10,224 --> 01:52:13,092 AND WHEN THE JUNE ISSUE WAS BANNED IN BOSTON 1965 01:52:13,126 --> 01:52:16,961 BECAUSE SOME PASSAGES WERE THOUGHT TOO "SALACIOUS," 1966 01:52:16,997 --> 01:52:20,058 IT ONLY BOOSTED SALES. 1967 01:52:20,100 --> 01:52:24,037 "A FAREWELL TO ARMS" CLIMBED ONTO THE BEST-SELLER LISTS 1968 01:52:24,071 --> 01:52:27,872 AND STAYED THERE WEEK AFTER WEEK. 1969 01:52:27,908 --> 01:52:34,178 PARAMOUNT PICTURES PAID ANOTHER $24,000 FOR THE MOVIE RIGHTS. 1970 01:52:34,214 --> 01:52:36,945 BY THE AGE OF 30, ERNEST HEMINGWAY 1971 01:52:36,984 --> 01:52:40,512 HAD SURVIVED HIS WAR WOUNDS, HAD MARRIED TWO WOMEN, 1972 01:52:40,754 --> 01:52:43,019 AND FATHERED TWO SONS, 1973 01:52:43,056 --> 01:52:46,515 HAD BURIED HIS FATHER, PUBLISHED 5 BOOKS 1974 01:52:46,760 --> 01:52:52,290 AND WAS NOW THE MOST FAMOUS WRITER IN THE UNITED STATES. 1975 01:52:52,332 --> 01:52:55,268 HIS FRIEND, THE NOVELIST JOHN DOS PASSOS, 1976 01:52:55,302 --> 01:52:57,362 WROTE TO CONGRATULATE HIM. 1977 01:52:57,404 --> 01:53:00,169 "DEAR HEM," HE SAID, "DO YOU REALIZE THAT 1978 01:53:00,207 --> 01:53:04,110 YOU'RE NOW THE KING OF THE FICTION RACKET?" 1979 01:53:08,081 --> 01:53:10,846 MAN, AS HEMINGWAY: I AM VERY PREJUDICED AGAINST SUICIDE 1980 01:53:10,884 --> 01:53:14,048 BECAUSE SOMEHOW I WOULD NOT LIKE TO EVEN RUN A CHANCE 1981 01:53:14,087 --> 01:53:16,079 OF HAVING TO SPEND THE REST OF THE TIME 1982 01:53:16,123 --> 01:53:19,491 WITH A LOT OF THE SORT OF PEOPLE WHO COMMIT SUICIDE. 1983 01:53:19,526 --> 01:53:21,552 ALTHOUGH OF COURSE THAT DOESN'T HOLD TRUE 1984 01:53:21,795 --> 01:53:24,094 BECAUSE THERE ARE SOME SWELL ONES. 1985 01:53:25,999 --> 01:53:28,298 THE REAL REASON FOR NOT COMMITTING SUICIDE 1986 01:53:28,335 --> 01:53:31,169 IS BECAUSE YOU ALWAYS KNOW HOW SWELL LIFE GETS AGAIN 1987 01:53:31,204 --> 01:53:33,230 AFTER THE HELL IS OVER. 1988 01:53:33,273 --> 01:53:37,404 SO YOU HAVE TO RESOLVE IN ADVANCE TO LAST OUT THE TIME 1989 01:53:37,444 --> 01:53:40,004 WHEN YOU DON'T BELIEVE THAT. 1990 01:53:40,047 --> 01:53:43,347 ♪ 1991 01:53:46,586 --> 01:53:52,082 ♪ 1992 01:54:14,915 --> 01:54:22,915 ♪ 1993 01:54:43,610 --> 01:54:48,639 ♪ 1994 01:55:08,168 --> 01:55:13,971 ♪ 1995 01:55:38,131 --> 01:55:43,502 ♪ 1996 01:56:05,091 --> 01:56:11,031 ♪ 1997 01:56:30,684 --> 01:56:31,828 DO STORIES HELP US 1998 01:56:31,852 --> 01:56:33,411 SEE THE WORLD IN A NEW LIGHT? 1999 01:56:33,453 --> 01:56:35,012 CAN THE PAST BE A WINDOW TO THE FUTURE? 2000 01:56:35,055 --> 01:56:36,933 SINCE 2007, BANK OF AMERICA HAS PROUDLY SUPPORTED 2001 01:56:36,957 --> 01:56:39,017 THE FILMS OF KEN BURNS AS THEY TELL THE STORIES 2002 01:56:39,059 --> 01:56:41,392 OF OUR PAST AND INSPIRE US TO MOVE FORWARD. 2003 01:56:41,428 --> 01:56:44,125 WHAT WOULD YOU LIKE THE POWER TO DO? 2004 01:56:47,067 --> 01:56:48,695 MAJOR FUNDING FOR "HEMINGWAY" 2005 01:56:48,735 --> 01:56:51,500 WAS PROVIDED BY THE BETTER ANGELS SOCIETY 2006 01:56:51,538 --> 01:56:53,439 AND BY ITS MEMBERS: 2007 01:56:53,473 --> 01:56:55,704 THE ELIZABETH RUTH WALLACE LIVING TRUST, 2008 01:56:55,742 --> 01:56:57,677 JOHN AND LESLIE McQUOWN, 2009 01:56:57,711 --> 01:56:59,577 JOHN AND CATHERINE DEBS, 2010 01:56:59,613 --> 01:57:02,105 THE FULLERTON FAMILY CHARITABLE TRUST, 2011 01:57:02,148 --> 01:57:05,084 KISSICK FAMILY FOUNDATION, GAIL ELDEN, 2012 01:57:05,118 --> 01:57:06,677 GILCHRIST AND AMY BERG, 2013 01:57:06,720 --> 01:57:08,484 ROBERT AND BEVERLY GRAPPONE, 2014 01:57:08,522 --> 01:57:10,957 AND MAUREE JANE AND MARK PERRY. 2015 01:57:10,991 --> 01:57:15,122 ADDITIONAL FUNDING WAS PROVIDED BY THE ANNENBERG FOUNDATION, 2016 01:57:15,161 --> 01:57:17,721 THE ARTHUR VINING DAVIS FOUNDATIONS, 2017 01:57:17,764 --> 01:57:20,461 THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING, 2018 01:57:20,500 --> 01:57:23,527 AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION 2019 01:57:23,570 --> 01:57:25,630 FROM VIEWERS LIKE YOU. 2020 01:57:25,672 --> 01:57:27,971 THANK YOU.